The Bounty of the Chesapeake: Fishing in Colonial VirginiaWharton, James
History
The Bounty of the Chesapeake: Fishing in Colonial Virginia
Wharton, James
Chesapeake Bay (Md. and Va.); Fisheries -- Virginia; Fishing -- Virginia
Whereas the good ship called the _Hercules_ is now preparing and
almost in a readiness with necessary provisions to make a supply to
the Lord Governor and the Colony in Virginia, it is thought meet,
for the avoiding of such vagrant and unnecessary persons as do
commonly proffer themselves being altogether unserviceable, that
none but honest sufficient artificers, as carpenters, smiths,
coopers, fishermen, brickmen, and such like, shall be entertained
into this voyage. Of whom so many as will in due time repair to the
house of Sir Thomas Smith in Philpot Lane, with sufficient
testimony to their skill and good behavior, they shall receive
entertainment accordingly.
It was only a question of time before the Virginia colonists would,
though surrounded all the while by their own huge marine resources,
subsist on salt fish from the North. Sir Thomas Dale, governor from
1611 to 1616, perceived the trend. One of his first moves was to ask
the President of the Virginia Company to provide men trained enough to
build a coastal trade in furs, corn and fish:
Let me intreat that we may have both an admiral and hired mariners,
to be all times resident here. The benefit will quickly make good
the charge as well by a trade of furs to be obtained with the
savages in the northern rivers to be returned home as also to
furnish us here with corn and fish. The waste of such men all this
time whom we might trust with our pinnaces leaves us destitute this
season of so great a quantity of fish as not far from our own bay
would sufficiently satisfy the whole Colony for a whole year.
There were no boats available even for simple oystering. During the
term of the stringent Governor Dale some disaffected colonists tried to
escape in a shallop and a barge, which were "all the boats that were
then in the Colony."
Ironically punctuating the sagas of hardship were the marveling
descriptions publicized in England. Corroborating the mouth-watering
tales of Smith, William Strachey wrote in 1612:
To the natural commodities which the country has of fruit, beasts,
and fowl, we may also add the no mean commodity of fish, of which,
in March and April, are great shoals of herrings, sturgeon, great
store commonly in May if the year be forward. I have been at the
taking of some before Algernoone fort and in Southampton river in
the middle of March, and they remain with us June, July, and August
and in that plenty as before expressed.
Shad, great store, of a yard long and for sweetness and fatness a
reasonable food fish; he is only full of small bones, like our
barbels in England. There is the garfish, some of which are a yard
long, small and round like an eel and as big as a mare's leg,
having a long snout full of sharp teeth.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Reviews
Reviews
No reviews yet
Be the first to share your thoughts on this work.
Join the Discussion
Join the discussion
Sign in to leave a comment or review.
Sign InorCreate an account