We do not obtain such distributions in describing breeding activity, so
we may say that the oscillators regulating such activity are not
coupled. Present distribution, habitat preference, residency status,
foraging adaptation, previous zoogeographic history, and relicts of
ancestral adaptation, all bear on the character of the breeding schedule
of any bird species. The emphasis above on multiple regulation of
breeding schedules conceivably reflects the true picture, but any such
emphasis is made at the expense of taking one factor as basic, or
reducing the many to one, in order to manufacture simplicity.
ACCOUNTS OF SPECIES
In each account below information is given concerning status, habitat,
geographic distribution, seasonal occurrence, schedule of egg-laying,
number of eggs laid, and sites of nests, as these pertain to Kansas,
unless otherwise stated. The ways in which some of these points were
elucidated are as follows.
1.--Breeding schedule. Frequency distributions of egg-laying in time are
calculated on the basis of dates of completed clutches, as described
earlier (p. 588). Any event in the series of actions of
nesting--nestbuilding, egg-laying, incubation, brooding, feeding young
out of nests--can be manipulated by adding or subtracting days to or
from the date of record to yield the probable date of completion of the
clutch. The resulting data are grouped into class intervals of ten days.
Extreme dates here given for egg-laying may be as much as nine days off
in accuracy, but the error does not often exceed five days. Extreme
dates indicated here may be taken as actual or predicted extremes. The
raw data used are on file at the Museum of Natural History and are
available for use by any qualified individual.
2.--Dates of occurrence. First and last annual occurrences in the State
for migrant species are indicated by both a range of dates and a median
date. Twenty to 30 dates of first observation in spring are available
for most of the common species, and 10 to 20 dates of last observation
in autumn are at hand for such species. The median dates, earlier than
and subsequent to which an equal number of observations are available,
are reliable indicators of the dates on which a species is likely to be
seen first in the State in an average year.
3.--Clutch-size. Information on number of eggs is given for each species
according to the mode, followed by the mean, the range, and the size of
the sample.
4.--Distribution in Kansas. Information on distribution in the breeding
season within the borders of Kansas is given in accounts below chiefly
by reference to one or more counties of the State. Location of counties
can be made by referring to Figure 10.
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