The distributional limits of a species are useful in indicating certain of its adaptive capacities and implying maintenance of or shifts in characteristics of habitats. Although it is generally an oversimplification to ignore abundance when treating of distribution, the present remarks of necessity do not pertain to abundance. TABLE 6.--BREEDING BIRDS REACHING DISTRIBUTIONAL LIMITS IN KANSAS Species reaching northern distributional limits _Florida caerulea_ _Geococcyx californianus_ _Leucophoyx thula_ _Caprimulgus carolinensis_ _Coragyps atratus_ _Muscivora forficata_ _Elanoides forficatus_ _Parus carolinensis_ _Ictinia misisippiensis_ _Vireo atricapillus_ _Tympanuchus pallidicinctus_ _Passerina ciris_ _Callipepla squamata_ _Aimophila cassinii_ Species reaching southern distributional limits _Aythya americana_ _Empidonax minimus_ _Parus atricapillus_ _Steganopus tricolor_ _Bombycilla cedrorum_ _Chlidonias niger_ _Dolichonyx oryzivorus_ _Coccyzus erythropthalmus_ _Pedioecetes phasianellus_ Species reaching eastern distributional limits _Eupoda montana_ _Corvus cryptoleucus_ _Numenius americanus_ _Salpinctes obsoletus_ _Phalaenoptilus nuttallii_ _Icterus bullockii_ _Colaptes cafer_ _Pheucticus melanocephalus_ _Tyrannus verticalis_ _Passerina amoena_ _Sayornis saya_ Species reaching western distributional limits _Aix sponsa_ _Vireo griseus_ _Buteo platypterus_ _V. flavifrons_ _Philohela minor_ _Mniotilta varia_ _Ectopistes migratorius_ _Protonotaria citrea_ _Conuropsis carolinensis_ _Parula americana_ _Chaetura pelagica_ _Dendroica discolor_ _Archilochus colubris_ _Seiurus motacilla_ _Dryocopus pileatus_ _Oporornis formosus_ _Centurus carolinus_ _Wilsonia citrina_ _Myiarchus crinitus_ _Setophaga ruticilla_ _Empidonax virescens_ _Sturnella magna_ _E. traillii_ _Piranga olivacea_ _Parus bicolor_ _Pheucticus ludovicianus_ _Thryothorus ludovicianus_ _Pipilo erythrophthalmus_ _Cistothorus platensis_ _Passerherbulus henslowii_ _Hylocichla mustelina_ _Western Limits Reached in Kansas_