=STANCHION.=--An upright post supporting the deck above in a ship. =STARBOARD.=--The right-hand side of the ship as you stand looking forward. =STAYS.=--Strong ropes supporting spars and masts in a ship. =STEM.=--The “nose” or “cutwater” of any ship. =STERN.=--The aftermost part of a vessel. =STRAKE.=--A line of planking extending the length of a vessel. =STRATEGY.=--The disposition and handling of Squadrons or Fleets to dominate the forces of an enemy or control the time or place of an engagement. The broad disposition of naval forces. =SUBMARINE.=--A war-vessel the chief work of which is to operate below the surface. =SUBMERGED SPEED.=--The speed at which a submersible or submarine can travel under water. =SUBMERSIBLE.=--A vessel which can be made to dive but which generally navigates on the surface. =SUPERIMPOSED BARBETTES.=--Barbettes or turrets mounted behind and above other barbettes or turrets so that the guns in the first are enabled to fire over those in the second. =SURFACE SPEED.=--The speed at which a submersible or submarine can travel when navigating on the surface. =TACTICS.=--The handling and conduct of ships or squadrons in actual contact with an antagonist, or exercises for training for such engagements. =TENDER.=--A vessel attached to a parent ship. =TOP.=--A position or platform on the mast of a vessel. A fighting top in a top armed with light guns. =TOPHAMPER.=--The upper works of the ship, such as masts, funnels, bridges, cowls, etc. =TORPEDO.=--An engine of war which is discharged from a tube (submerged or above water) and which travels under water; it is loaded with a charge of gun-cotton which explodes on impact. =TORPEDO-BOAT.=--A vessel specially designed for attack on larger ships by means of torpedoes. =TORPEDO BOAT DESTROYER= (=T.B.D.=)--See “Destroyer.” =TORPEDO-NET.=--A steel wire net which is thrown over the side of a ship and held extended by means of booms; it hangs down about 20 to 30 ft. below the surface, and acts as a defence against torpedoes. =TORPEDO TUBE.=--A tube from which torpedoes are ejected either by means of a small charge of gunpowder or compressed air. =TRAJECTORY.=--The line of flight of a projectile after leaving the gun. =TROUGH.=--The hollow between two waves. =TRUCK.=--The cap at the head of the mast or a flagstaff. It generally contains one or more holes for the reception of signal halyards. =TURRET.=--The revolving armoured structure in which big guns are mounted, including the turn-table, ammunition hoists, etc. See “Barbette.” =TWO-KEELS-TO-ONE-STANDARD.= The standard under which the British Fleet should be maintained at a strength, as against the next strongest Power, of two completed capital-ships to one. =TWO-POWER STANDARD.=--The standard which indicated that the British Fleet was equal in strength to the fleets of the two next strongest Powers. This standard has been abandoned.