The British battle fleet, Vol. 1 (of 2) : $b its inception and growth throughout the centuries to the present dayJane, Fred T. (Frederick Thomas)
History
The British battle fleet, Vol. 1 (of 2) : $b its inception and growth throughout the centuries to the present day
Jane, Fred T. (Frederick Thomas)
Great Britain -- History, Naval; Great Britain. Royal Navy -- History; Warships -- Great Britain -- History
So ended the most prodigious oversea combined enterprise ever before
attempted. Anson was not the first to circumnavigate the world, but few
had done so before him, and on that account the real purpose of his
expedition has been generally overlooked in the circumnavigation feat.
As ever in British naval history luck was with him; but something more
than “luck” must have been in an enterprise where Pizarro, sent to
intercept him, gave up, while Anson fought through the perils of Cape
Horn, with his sickly crews and crazy ships.
To resume the general history of the war. In October, 1742, the
_Victory_ (100) was lost, presumably on the Caskets, though her actual
fate was never ascertained. France had now entered into the war; her
fleet consisted of forty-five ships of the line; the corresponding
English fleet totalling ninety ships of the line.
In 1742, Ogle succeeded Vernon in the West Indies, and a series of
small bombardments resulted, usually without success.
Formal hostilities with France (delayed as was the custom of the time)
were declared in 1744, and outlying possessions changed hands. Anson,
in command of the Channel Fleet in 1747, defeated and captured the
Brest fleet, and some minor actions took place, mostly in connection
with convoys. The war ended in 1748; its net naval results being as
follows:--
ENGLISH. SPANISH. FRENCH.
Warships lost or captured 49 24 56
Merchant ships captured 3,238 1,249 2,185
The economy order referred to on a previous page was possibly in part
responsible for the bad showing made by the English as warships in
this war. In any case the standardisation of classes had disappeared,
and no two ships were of the same dimensions. Many ships were found so
weak at sea that they had to be shored up between decks,[30] and of
all the complaint was continual that they were very “crank” and unable
to open their lee ports in weather in which foreign ships could do so.
The seamanship, however, was of a high order compared to that of either
the French or Spaniards; possibly the very badness of the English ships
helped to make the seamanship what it was.
After the war many constructional improvements were suggested and some
few of them carried into practice. Among the prizes of the war was a
Spanish ship, the _Princessa_ of seventy guns, which attracted general
admiration. In 1746, a glorified copy of her, the _Royal George_, was
laid down.[31] At and about this time an era of slow shipbuilding set
in; for example, this _Royal George_ was ten years on the stocks. The
slow building was part and parcel of the naval policy of the period,
and in no way to be connected with what any such tardiness would mean
to-day.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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