The British Interned in SwitzerlandPicot, Henry Philip
History
The British Interned in Switzerland
Picot, Henry Philip
World War, 1914-1918 -- Hospitals; World War, 1914-1918 -- Prisoners and prisons, Swiss
As already stated in a previous chapter, in the first stages of the
negotiations of 1915 for the internment of Ps. of W. attention had been
directed solely to the hospitalization in Switzerland of one category of
prisoners, viz., that of the tuberculous; but very shortly, under the
pressure of public opinion, further attention had been drawn to the
advisability of extending the principle to other categories, with a view
to the inclusion of disabilities of a very varying nature. The
discussions were continued during 1915, with a view to the realization
of an enlarged programme, and in January, 1916, a first list, comprising
twelve categories of disabilities or wounds, had been prepared and
agreed upon, including that of tuberculosis, and the first essays of
internment were made on the 26th of January, 1916, commencing with 200
tuberculous cases. By the 14th of February 1,247 French and German Ps.
of W. had been interned in the regions of Montana, Montreux, Leysin, the
Bernese Oberland, the Quatre Cantons, and Davos, comprised of men of the
aforesaid categories.
By the 16th of February the list had been increased to twenty
categories, to be afterwards reduced in June and July, 1916, to
eighteen. These lists formed the basis of the work done by the so-called
"Itinerant Commissions of Swiss Medical officers," who were authorized
to proceed to Germany, France, and England for the examination and
selection for internment in Switzerland of all those prisoners found to
be suffering from the diseases or wounds mentioned in the aforesaid
eighteen categories.
The "Médecin d'Armée" was thus suddenly faced with the problem of the
internment and treatment of a number of Ps. of W. largely in excess of
those originally in view, and the whole of his programme had to be
re-cast to meet the needs of a body of Interned, not less than the
strength of an Army Corps. The serious nature of the demands made on the
medical organization of the country may be realized from the fact that
every one of the 30,000 men about to reach Switzerland was suffering
from one or other form of disability, requiring medical attention at the
hands of a Sanitary Service manned and equipped for the ordinary
requirements of the small Swiss Army.
To meet the additional requirements of the medical personnel, medical
officers in civil employ, liable for further service, were mobilized,
and many civilian doctors, not so liable, were called upon for a term of
duty.
As regards the housing of those prisoners whose treatment was not of a
pressing nature, and who formed the majority of the Interned,
accommodation was found in the hotels and châlets with which Switzerland
is so richly endowed. In this respect no difficulty was experienced; but
for those requiring that care and treatment which could only be given in
a hospital, the solution was not so easy, as the necessary accommodation
for the large numbers of sick, with which the country was being flooded,
was lacking.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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