The Butterfly Book: A Popular Guide to a Knowledge of the Butterflies of North AmericaHolland, W. J. (William Jacob)
Science
The Butterfly Book: A Popular Guide to a Knowledge of the Butterflies of North America
Holland, W. J. (William Jacob)
Butterflies -- North America
_Chrysalis._--Ventrally straight, dorsally convex, strongly produced in
a rounded, somewhat keeled eminence over the thorax; pointed at the end.
Generally green or light drab in color, with dark markings on the sides
of the wing-cases.
This genus is distributed throughout the temperate regions both of the
Old and the New World, and includes in our fauna a number of forms, the
most of which are peculiar to the Pacific coast.
(1) =Coenonympha california=, Doubleday and Hewitson, Plate XXV, Fig.
14, ♀; form =galactinus=, Boisduval, Plate XXV, Fig. 9, ♂; form
=eryngii=, Henry Edwards, Plate XXV, Fig. 10, ♂ (The California
Ringlet).
_Butterfly._--This little species is to be distinguished from its near
allies by its white color. The form _galactinus_ is the winter form; the
form _california_ the summer form. The former is characterized by the
darker color of the hind wings on the under side and the more prominent
development of the marginal ocelli. The form _eryngii_ is simply a
yellower form, with less dark shading on the under side.
_Early Stages._--These have been most carefully and beautifully worked
out by Edwards, and the reader, for a full knowledge of them, may
consult the splendid plate in "The Butterflies of North America," vol.
iii.
The species ranges from Vancouver's Island southward on the Pacific
coast and eastward into Nevada.
(2) =Coenonympha elko=, Edwards, Plate XXV, Fig. 25, ♀, _under side_;
Fig. 26, ♂ (The Elko Ringlet).
_Butterfly._--Yellow on both sides of the wings, the lower side paler
than the upper, and the basal area lightly clouded with fuscous.
_Early Stages._--Undescribed.
This species is found in Nevada and Washington.
(3) =Coenonympha inornata=, Edwards, Plate XXV, Fig. 13, ♂, _under side_;
Fig. 29, ♂ (The Plain Ringlet).
_Butterfly._--The wings on the upper side are ochreous-brown, lighter on
the disk. The costal margin of the fore wings and the outer margin of
both fore and hind wings are gray. The ocellus at the apex of the fore
wings on the under side is faintly visible on the upper side. On the
under side the fore wings are colored as on the upper side as far as the
termination of the discal area, which is marked by a narrow transverse
band of pale yellow, followed by a conspicuous ocellus. The hind wings
are gray, darkest toward the base, behind the irregular whitish
transverse band which crosses the outer portion of the disk.
_Early Stages._--Unknown.
The species occurs in Montana, Minnesota, British America, and
Newfoundland. Newfoundland specimens, of which I possess a large series,
are distinctly darker in color than those taken in the Northwest. Some
recent writers are inclined to regard this as a variety of the European
_C. typhon_. I am persuaded that they are mistaken.
(4) =Coenonympha ochracea=, Edwards, Plate XXV, Fig. 11, ♂; Fig. 12, ♂,
_under side_ (The Ochre Ringlet).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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