The Butterfly Book: A Popular Guide to a Knowledge of the Butterflies of North AmericaHolland, W. J. (William Jacob)
Science
The Butterfly Book: A Popular Guide to a Knowledge of the Butterflies of North America
Holland, W. J. (William Jacob)
Butterflies -- North America
_Caterpillar._--The caterpillar is cylindrical, with short branching
spines arranged in longitudinal rows upon the body, the spines on the
first segment being bent forward over the head. The head is somewhat
smaller in the mature stage than the body.
_Chrysalis._--The chrysalis is suspended, marked upon its dorsal side
with a number of small angular eminences, with the head and the ventral
side evenly rounded.
The larva of these insects feeds upon the various species of
passion-flower. It is also said to feed upon violets. The butterflies
frequent open fields, and are sometimes exceedingly abundant in worn-out
lands in the Southern States.
There are two species of this genus, both of which are found within the
United States, and range southwardly over the greater portion of Central
and South America.
(1) =Euptoieta claudia=, Cramer, Plate VIII, Fig. 9, ♂ (The Variegated
Fritillary).
_Butterfly._--The upper side of both wings is dull ferruginous, darker
toward the base, crossed by an irregular black median line, which is
darker, broader, and more zigzag on the fore wing than on the hind wing.
This line is followed outwardly on both wings by a pair of more or less
wavy limbal lines, inclosing between them a series of round blackish
spots. The outer margin is black, with the fringes pale fulvous,
checkered with black at the end of each nervule. At the end of the cell
in the fore wing there are two black lines inclosing paler fulvous
spots, and both wings near the base have some curved black lines. On the
under side the fore wings are marked somewhat as on the upper side, but
paler in color, with a large apical patch of brownish-gray broken by a
transverse band of darker brown. The hind wings are dark brown, with the
markings of the upper side obscurely repeated; they are mottled with
gray and crossed by a broad central band of pale buff.
The species varies very much, according to locality, both in size and in
the depth of the markings. Expanse, 1.75-2.75 inches.
_Egg._--The egg is conoidal, relatively taller than the eggs of the
genus _Argynnis_, which closely resemble it. There is a depression at
the apex, surrounded by a serrated rim, formed by the ends of the
vertical ribs, of which there are about twenty, some longer and some
shorter, about half of them reaching from the apex to the base. Between
these vertical ribs there are a multitude of smaller cross-ridges.
_Caterpillar._--The caterpillar is cylindrical, reddish-yellow in color,
marked with two brown lateral bands and a series of white spots upon the
back. There are six rows of short branching spines upon the body, which
are black in color; the two uppermost of these spines on the first
segment are much elongated and are directed forward. The head is smaller
than the body in the mature caterpillar, and is black. On the under side
the caterpillar is pale or whitish; the legs are blackish-brown. It
feeds upon the passion-flower.
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