The Cambridge, Ely, and King's Lynn Road: The Great Fenland HighwayHarper, Charles G. (Charles George)
History
The Cambridge, Ely, and King's Lynn Road: The Great Fenland Highway
Harper, Charles G. (Charles George)
England -- Description and travel; Fens, The (England) -- Description and travel
These are the surviving names of Icenian settlements. There is a
"Hickling" on the Broads, in Norfolk, which ought by rights to be
"Ickling"; but the world has ever been at odds on the subject of
aspirate or no aspirate, certainly since the classic days of the
Greeks and the Romans. Does not Catullus speak of a certain Arrius who
horrified the Romans by talking of the "Hionian Sea"? and is not Tom
Hood's "Ben Battle" familiar? "Don't let 'em put 'Hicks jacet' there,"
he said, "for that is not my name."
When the Romans came and found the Iceni here, the last stone-age
man and the ultimate crocodile (the former inside the latter) had
for ages past been buried in the peat of the Fens, resolving into a
fossil state. The Iceni probably, the purposeful Romans certainly,
endeavoured to drain the Fens, or at least to prevent their being
worse flooded by the sea; and the Roman embankment between Wisbeach
and King's Lynn, built to keep out the furious wind-driven rollers of
the Wash, gave a name to the villages of Walsoken, Walton, and Walpole
(once Wall-pool). When the Romano-British civilisation decayed, the
defences against the sea decayed with it, and the level lay worse
flooded than before. Far and wide, from Lynn, on the seacoast in the
north, to Fen Ditton, in the south, almost at the gates of Cambridge;
from Mildenhall in the east, to St. Ives and Peterborough in the west,
a vast expanse of still and shallow water covered an area of, roughly,
seventy miles in length and thirty in breadth: about 2100 square miles.
Out of this dismal swamp rose many islands, formed of knobs of the
stiff clay or gault that had not been washed away with the surrounding
soil. It was on these isles that prehistoric man lived, and where his
wretched wattle-huts were built beside the water. He had his dug-out
canoe and his little landing-stage, and sometimes, when his islet was
very diminutive and subject to floods, he built his dwelling on stakes
driven into the mud. In peaceful and plenteous times he sat on his
staging overhanging the water, and tore and gnawed at the birds and
animals that had fallen to his arrow or his spear. Primitive man was
essentially selfish. He first satisfied his own hunger and then tossed
the remainder to his squaw and the brats, and when they had picked the
bones clean, and saved those that might be useful for fashioning into
arrow-heads, they threw the remains into the water, whence they sent up
in the fulness of time an evil smell which did not trouble him and his
in the least, primitive as they were in every objectionable sense of
the word.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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