The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 05 (of 10)Sedgwick, Adam
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 05 (of 10)
Sedgwick, Adam
Animals
These buds, of which about sixty or upwards have already been
detected, undergo {166}growth as they are liberated, and so the new
creature is formed, the process of growth in certain parts going on while
destruction is being accomplished in others. Considerable discrepancy
prevails as to the extent to which the disintegration of some of the
tissues is carried.
[Illustration: FIG. 87.—Imaginal discs of _Muscidae_ in process of
development: A, Brain and ventral ganglion of a larva 7 mm. long of _M.
vomitoria_; _v_, ventral ganglion; _c_, cephalic ganglion; _h_, head
rudiment; _vc_, portion of ventral chain; _pd_, prothoracic rudiment;
_vc_{3}_, third nerve; _md_, mesothoracic rudiment: B, mesothoracic
rudiment, more advanced, in a pupa just formed of _Sarcophaga carnaria_,
showing the base of the sternum and folds of the forming leg, the central
part (_f_) representing the foot: C, the rudimentary leg of the same more
advanced; _f_, femur; _t_, tibia; _f_{1}_, _f_{5}_, tarsal joints: D, two
discs from a larva 20 mm. long of _Sarcophaga_, attached to tracheae;
_msw_, mesonotal and wing-rudiment; _mt_, metathoracic rudiment: E, _r_,
mesothoracic rudiment of a 7 mm. long larva attached to a tracheal twig.
(After Weismann and Graber.)]
According to Kowalevsky[99] it would appear that after the phagocytes have
become loaded with granules they serve as nutriment for the growing
tissues, and he thinks they become blood-cells in the imago. The process of
histolysis has been chiefly studied in the blowfly, and not much is known
of it in other Insects, yet it occurs to a considerable extent, according
to Bugnion[100] and others, in the metamorphosis of Lepidoptera. Indeed it
would almost seem that the processes of histolysis and histogenesis may be
looked on as exaggerated forms of the phenomena of the ordinary life of
tissues, due to greater rapidity and discontinuity of tissue nutrition.
{167}IMAGINAL DISCS.—The imaginal discs are portions of the larval
hypoderm, detached from continuity with the main body of the integument,
but connected therewith by strings or pedicels which may be looked on as
portions of the basement membrane. Whether these discs, or histoblasts as
they are called by Künckel d'Herculais,[101] are distinguished by any
important character from other buds or portions of regenerative tissue
that, according to Kowalevsky,[102] Korschelt and Heider,[103] and others,
exist in other parts of the body, does not appear to be at present
ascertained.
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