3′. Head very elongate. [Body apterous or sub-apterous.] Tribe 4. PROSCOPIIDES. (Fig. 178, _Cephalocoema lineata_.) 2′. Antennae longer than the anterior femora. 3. Prosternum unarmed. 4. The plane of the vertex of the head meeting the plane of the front of the head as an angle. The former produced or declivous. The face looking down. Tribe 5. TRYXALIDES. (Fig. 165, _Tryxalis nasuta_; Fig. 173, _Mecostethus grossus_.) 4′. Planes of the vertex and front of the head connected in a rounded manner. Face looking forwards. Tribe 6. OEDIPODIDES. (Fig. 177, _Pachytylus_; Fig. 185, _Methone_.) 3′. Prosternum with an elevated lamina in front, either irregularly swollen or mucronate. 4. Foveoles of the vertex superior, contiguous, forming the apex of the vertex. Face looking much downwards. Tribe 7. PYRGOMORPHIDES. (Fig. 183, _Pyrgomorpha grylloides_.) 4′. Foveoles of the vertex, either superior (but not forming the apex of the vertex), or lateral, or inferior, or quite obsolete. {310}5. Foveoles superior, open behind. Prosternum irregularly swollen, rarely mucronate. Tribe 8. PAMPHAGIDES. (Fig. 184, _Xiphocera asina_.) 5′. Foveoles lateral or inferior, closed behind or (usually) entirely obsolete. Prosternum distinctly mucronate or tuberculate. Tribe 9. ACRIDIIDES. (Fig. 84, _Acridium peregrinum_; Fig. 176, _Caloptenus spretus_.) {311}CHAPTER XIII ORTHOPTERA _CONTINUED_—LOCUSTIDAE, GREEN GRASSHOPPERS, KATYDIDS FAM. VII. LOCUSTIDAE—GREEN GRASSHOPPERS. _Orthoptera, with very long delicate antennae composed of many more than thirty joints; hind legs longer than the others, thicker at the base. Tarsi with four joints. Front tibiae usually provided with tympanal organs placed below the knee; stridulating apparatus of males, when present, situate on the basal part of the tegmina. Females usually with an elongate exserted ovipositor, formed by the apposition of six pieces. Wingless forms numerous._ [Illustration: FIG. 187.—_Cyrtophyllus crepitans_, male. West Indies.] An unfortunate confusion has long existed as to the term Locustidae, and has resulted in the application of the name to a group of Insects that contains none of the locusts of ordinary language. Some entomologists therefore use the term Phasgonuridea for this family, but the great majority prefer the term Locustidae. {312}[Illustration: FIG. 188.—Development of wings in _Platycleis grisea_: A, B, C, D, E, consecutive stages; _p_, prothorax; _m_, mesothorax; _mt_, metathorax; _t_, tegmen; _w_, wing; _ab′_, position of first abdominal segment. In C, D, and E, _m_ points to the part by which the _m_, shown in A and B, is concealed; in D and E only the positions of _mt_ are indicated. (After Graber.)]