The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 05 (of 10)Sedgwick, Adam
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 05 (of 10)
Sedgwick, Adam
Animals
The number of described species of Psocidae does not reach two hundred; we
have, however, thirty species or more in Britain.[316] Nietner observed
about the same number in the immediate vicinity of his house in Ceylon. The
isolated and remote Hawaiian group of islands is remarkably rich in
Psocidae. Two thousand is a moderate estimate of the number of existing
species. The largest forms yet discovered belong to the Brazilian genus
_Thyrsophorus_; they attain, however, a breadth of only about one inch with
the wings fully expanded. The Cuban genus _Embidopsocus_ is said to be of
great interest from its approximation to Embiidae. It is at present very
inadequately known.
One (or more) very minute Insects of this family—_Clothilla pulsatoria_
according to Hagen, _Atropos[317] divinatoria_ according to some other
authors—is widely known under the name of the death-watch, owing to its
being believed to make a peculiar {396}ticking noise, supposed to be
prophetic of the decease of some individual—a human being we fancy, not a
death-watch. It is difficult to believe that so minute and soft an Insect
can produce a sound audible to human ears, and many entomologists are of
opinion that the sound in question is really produced by a beetle—of the
genus _Anobium_—which lives in wood, and that as the beetle may be
concealed in a hole, while the _Clothilla_ is seen running about, the sound
is naturally, though erroneously, attributed to the latter. But the rapping
of the _Anobium_ is well known, is produced while the Insect is at large,
and is said to be a different noise from that of the Psocid; evidence too
has been given as to the production of the sound in a workbox when the
Psocid was certainly present, and the most careful search failed to reveal
any beetle.
[Illustration: FIG. 247.—A, _Atropos divinatoria_; B, _Clothilla
pulsatoria_. (After M‘Lachlan.)]
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