Transcriber's note: Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). A single underscore introduces a subscript (CO_2), and a caret a superscript (B^1). Page numbers enclosed by curly braces (for example: {25}) have been incorporated to facilitate the use of the Alphabetical Index and other page references in the text. * * * * * THE CAMBRIDGE NATURAL HISTORY EDITED BY S. F. HARMER, Sc.D., F.R.S., Fellow of King's College, Cambridge; Superintendent of the University Museum of Zoology AND A. E. SHIPLEY, M.A., Fellow of Christ's College, Cambridge; University Lecturer on the Morphology of Invertebrates VOLUME VI [Illustration] INSECTS PART II. Hymenoptera _continued_ (Tubulifera and Aculeata), Coleoptera, Strepsiptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Aphaniptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera, Anoplura. By David Sharp, M.A. (Cantab.), M.B. (Edinb.), F.R.S. London MACMILLAN AND CO., Limited NEW YORK: THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 1899 _All rights reserved_ "Men are poor things; I don't know why the world thinks so much of them."—_Mrs. Bee_, by L. & M. Wintle. {v}CONTENTS PAGE SCHEME OF THE CLASSIFICATION ADOPTED IN THIS BOOK vii CHAPTER I HYMENOPTERA PETIOLATA _CONTINUED_—SERIES 2. TUBULIFERA OR CHRYSIDIDAE.—SERIES 3. ACULEATA—GENERAL—CLASSIFICATION— DIVISION I. ANTHOPHILA OR BEES 1 CHAPTER II HYMENOPTERA ACULEATA _CONTINUED_—DIVISION II. DIPLOPTERA OR WASPS— EUMENIDAE, SOLITARY TRUE WASPS—VESPIDAE, SOCIAL WASPS—MASARIDAE 71 CHAPTER III HYMENOPTERA ACULEATA _CONTINUED_—DIVISION III. FOSSORES OR FOSSORIAL SOLITARY WASPS—FAMILY SCOLIIDAE OR SUBTERRANEAN FOSSORES—FAMILY POMPILIDAE OR RUNNERS—FAMILY SPHEGIDAE OR PERFECT-STINGERS 90 CHAPTER IV HYMENOPTERA ACULEATA _CONTINUED_—DIVISION IV. FORMICIDAE OR ANTS 131 CHAPTER V COLEOPTERA OR BEETLES—STREPSIPTERA 184 CHAPTER VI LEPIDOPTERA, OR BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS 304 CHAPTER VII {vi} DIPTERA, OR FLIES—APHANIPTERA, OR FLEAS—THYSANOPTERA, OR THRIPS 438 CHAPTER VIII HEMIPTERA, OR BUGS—ANOPLURA 532 NOTES AND CORRIGENDA TO VOLUME VI. AND TO INSECTA OF VOLUME V. 602 INDEX 603 {vii}SCHEME OF THE CLASSIFICATION ADOPTED IN THIS BOOK Order. Sub-order, Family. Sub-Family Group. Division, or Tribe. or Series.