The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 06 (of 10)Sharp, David
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 06 (of 10)
Sharp, David
Animals
From these fragmentary observations it would appear that the sting of the
_Ampulex_ has not so powerful a paralysing effect as that of most other
Fossores; and that the _Ampulex_ does not form any nest, but takes
advantage of suitable holes and crevices to store the victim in; also that
it displays considerable ingenuity in the selection of materials with which
to block up the cavity in which it has placed the partially incapacitated
creature.
The genus _Dolichurus_ is by some entomologists considered the type of a
sub-family allied to the Ampulicides; it long consisted of a small and rare
European Insect, but some exotic species have recently been added to it. It
will probably prove not {116}sufficiently distinct from Ampulicides,
although the pronotum is much shorter, but Handlirsch has recently observed
that the European species attacks Blattidae as do the normal Ampulicides;
and Ferton has recorded that _D. haemorrhous_ lives at the expense of
_Loboptera decipiens_, the wasp depositing its egg on the left intermediate
femur of the prey. This is placed in a solitary cell, and is entirely
consumed by the larva, life being preserved till within a few hours of the
end of the repast, which occupies altogether eight days.
SUB-FAM. 3. LARRIDES.—_Hind body not pedicellate, or with only a short
pedicel; one spur on the middle tibia; labrum inconspicuous. Marginal
cell of the front wings appendiculate,[52] or mandibles excised
externally, or both._
This group is by some writers called Tachytides instead of Larrides, as
owing to a change of nomenclature _Tachytes_ may now be considered its
principal genus. It is in connection with this and the neighbouring
sub-families of Sphegidae that some of the greatest taxonomical
difficulties exist. We include in Larrides the "_Miscophus_ group" of Kohl.
The species of the genus _Tachytes_ seem to have habits very similar to
those of the genus _Sphex_; they form shafts in the earth and provision
them with Orthoptera; like the _Sphex_ and other Fossores, they have the
habit, when they fly to their tunnel with a victim, of depositing it for a
short time on the ground close to the mouth of the burrow while they turn
round and enter backwards; and, after doing this they again seize their
prey and drag it into the burrow. Fabre availed himself of an opportunity
to remove the prey while the Hymenopteron was entering the hole alone; as a
result it had to come out again to seek the object; this it soon found, and
carried to the hole, relinquishing it again as usual while it turned round;
Fabre repeated the operation several times, and always with the same
result; the wasp, though it might have kept hold of the victim while it
turned, and thus have saved itself from losing the precious object, never
did so.
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