The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 09 (of 10)Evans, A. H. (Arthur Humble)
Science
The Cambridge natural history, Vol. 09 (of 10)
Evans, A. H. (Arthur Humble)
Animals; Birds
distinguished by some writers as _Thalassogeron_, and having a strip of
naked skin between the plates of the maxilla towards its base. _D. bulleri_
has red, _D. chlororhyncha_ flesh-coloured, and the others yellow feet; the
amount of yellow on the bill varying with the species.
Sub-fam. 2. _Oceanitinae._–The genera recognised are _Cymodroma_, _Pealea_,
_Pelagodroma_, _Garrodia_, and _Oceanites_; they are sooty- or slaty-black
birds, of small size, having in some cases the rump, under parts, nuchal
collar, forehead, superciliary streaks, or margins to the feathers of the
dorsal region white. Their range extends over different portions of the
southern seas, whence _Oceanites oceanicus_, Wilson's Petrel, has strayed
to Labrador and Great Britain, and _Pelagodroma marina_ to the latter and
Massachusetts, while breeding in the Salvage Islands south of Madeira and
the Cape Verds. The habits do not seem to differ appreciably from those of
the Storm-Petrel.[69]
Sub-fam. 3. _Procellariinae._–As here arranged, this comprises three groups
typified by the Fulmars, Shearwaters, and Storm-Petrels respectively. Of
the first, _Ossifraga gigantea_, the Giant Petrel, or "Nelly" of the
southern seas, recorded also from Oregon, is dark brown, often with white
on the head when immature, and sometimes almost entirely white. _Fulmarus
glacialis_ of the North Atlantic, the Fulmar of St. Kilda, and the true
Mollymauk of sailors, which is represented in the North Pacific by the
barely separable _F. glupischa_ and _F. rodgersi_, is bluish-grey with
dusky quills, white head, neck, and lower parts; the dark phase being
uniform dusky grey. It is smaller {66}than _Ossifraga_, yet equal to a
medium-sized Gull, though easily distinguished by its light gliding flight
with little motion of the wings; in rough weather it skims very near the
waves, while the croaking note is seldom heard. _Daption capensis_, the
Cape-Pigeon, ranging from Ceylon and Peru throughout the southern oceans,
is black and white above and nearly white below; it is well known as a
constant companion of ships, especially off South Africa, hovering or
swimming around, uttering its harsh cackle, or plunging into the water to
fight for scraps thrown overboard. _Halobaena caerulea_, extending from
lat. 40° to 60° S., is grey-blue above and white below, with a little white
on the head, scapulars, and tail; the habits resembling those of _Prion_, a
genus of four species, remarkable for the fringe of lamellae on the bill,
and having blue-grey upper parts varied with black, white under parts and
superciliary streak. These forms are found throughout the southern seas,
while _P. ariel_ has occurred in Madeira. _P. desolatus_, the Whale-bird of
sailors, is frequently seen flitting round vessels, uttering its whistling
or cooing note, or taking food from the water upon the wing; the slight
nest is formed in an extremely small burrow.
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