One of the smallest of Antelopes belongs to an allied genus; this is _Neotragus pygmaeus_. It is known as the Royal Antelope, a name apparently derived from Bosman's statement that the negroes called it "the king of the harts." Its horns are very small. The height of the animal is only 10 inches. Horns are present in the male alone. The last three genera are African. The Cervicaprine series, which is also African, includes the Waterbucks and Reedbucks, so called on account of their water-loving propensities. As in the last series, from which they are separated by Sclater and Thomas, but with which they are united by Flower, there are horns in the male only. These horns, though not twisted, are long. The typical genus is _Cobus_, of which there are eleven species. The Waterbuck, _C. ellipsiprymnus_, and the Sing-sing, _C. unctuosus_, are perhaps the best-known species; the former is {311} blackish grey, the latter browner in colour. In _C. maria_ and one or two other species the horns are more curved backwards and again forwards than in some of the others, where their form is sublyrate. The Reedbucks, _Cervicapra_, are closely allied to _Cobus_; they are, however, of smaller size. Here, as in that genus, the females are hornless, and the horns of the males are of medium size. Five species are referred to the genus. They are all of a brownish fawn colour. A genus _Pelea_, with but one species, _P. capreolus_, has been separated on account of the fact that the horns are nearly straight and that there is no naked patch of skin beneath the ears. This animal has received its name on account of its resemblance to the Roebuck. The Antilopine section includes a number of genera. The genus _Antilope_ is Indian in range. It includes but one species, _A. cervicapra_. This Antelope is of medium size, with a brown pelage getting blacker with years; it is thus known as the Black-buck. The female, which is hornless, is lighter brown. The horns are long, spirally twisted, and closely ringed. _Aepyceros_, with two species, is African. The Palla (_Ae. melampus_) is a large Antelope, with longish lyrate horns in the male, which are half-ringed. The Saiga Antelope, genus _Saiga_, is one of the most remarkable types of Antelope in its outward appearance. Its nose is very large and inflated, the two nostrils being quite widely separated, a depression indeed lying between them dorsally. The horns are lyrate in the male, absent in the female. The "ovine expression" of this bovine animal is more pronounced in the female. Corresponding with the clumsy nose are very short nostrils, the commencement of the narial aperture being therefore very far back. It is almost suggestive of _Macrauchenia_ in this respect. The fleece is also Sheep-like. The genus occurred in this country during the Pleistocene. It is now an inhabitant of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. The only species is _S. tartarica_.