Bungalow on the Bibundi Plantation 172 Plantation in Full Bearing 173 Baia Youths 174 Baia Women 175 Dead Elephant 176 Walrus 177 A Hausa Village 178 A Native Village. Musgum Huts 179 A Native Village. Huts with Cone-shaped Roofs 180 Caravan Travelling. Hiring Carriers 181 Rubber Caravan 182 Ivory Caravan 183 Scene at an Ivory Factory 184 Weighing the Ivory 185 Factory in the Interior of South Cameroon 186 Roll-call of Labourers 187 Bridging over a Ravine 188 Sawing Wood 189 Njem Woman, South Cameroon 190 Prow of a War Canoe 191 MAPS vPLATE Density of the Population 192 Flora 193 Fauna 194 River Basins 195 Ivory Districts 196 Chart showing Entrance to Duala from the Sea 197 Hausa Territory 198 Profile of Cameroon 199 A. F. Calvert’s Map of Cameroon 200 THE CAMEROONS DISCOVERY AND EXPLORATION. The large bay or estuary in the Gulf of Guinea, lying south of Nigeria and facing the island of Fernando-Po, was discovered by Portuguese navigators in the fifteenth or sixteenth century and christened the Rio dos Camaroes (the River of Prawns), from the abundance of Crustacea that infested its waters. The name was also used to designate the neighbouring mountains, which rise to the north-west of the bay. The English usage, until the end of the nineteenth century, was to confine the term, the Cameroons, to the mountain range, and to speak of the estuary as the Cameroon River. It was left to the acquisitive Germans to extend the use of the name in its Teutonic form--Kamerun--to the whole Protectorate.