The Catacombs of Rome, and Their Testimony Relative to Primitive ChristianityWithrow, W. H. (William Henry)
History
The Catacombs of Rome, and Their Testimony Relative to Primitive Christianity
Withrow, W. H. (William Henry)
Catacombs -- Italy -- Rome; Church history -- Primitive and early church, ca. 30-600
[677] See his “Græculus esuriens,” (_Sat._, iii, 78,) and the
expression, “In Tiberem defluxit Orontes.”--_Ib._, 62.
[678] Sometimes the two languages are strangely blended in the
same epitaph; and occasionally we find a Greek inscription in
Latin characters, as in the following: PRIMA IRENE SOI.
Read: Πρῖμα εἰρήνη σοι--“Prima, peace to thee.”
[679] In the dated inscriptions the proportion is less, as the
Latin-speaking Christians would be the more likely to employ the
consular dates as indications of time.
[680] Of the four hundred Gaulish inscriptions in Le Blant few
bear dates, and of these none are earlier than the time of
Constantine. The first is of the year A. D. 334; the next, at
Autun, of the year A. D. 374. They are also more artificial and
rhetorical in style than those of Rome.
[681] For example, POL · II · ET · APR · II · COS, which,
expanded, reads thus: _Pollione iterum et Apro iterum
Consulibus_, that is, 176 A. D.
L · FAB · CIL · M · ANN · LIB · COS--_Lucio Fabio Cilone, Marco
Annio Libone Consulibus_, that is, 204 A. D. To save space we
have generally omitted the names of the consuls, giving merely
the date.
[682] Sometimes we have the forms VVCC., _Viri Clarissimi_;
DD. NN., _Domini Nostri_; and AVGG., or AAVVGG.,
_Augusti_.
[683] _Fabiola_, p. 146.
[684] _Christian Epitaphs_, Introd., p. xxii, note ✝. We are
indebted to this masterly prolegomena for several of the
illustrations cited.
[685] In one example it is minutely indicated thus: _Ora noctis_
· IIII. ··· VIII _Idus Madias die Saturnis luna vigesima Signo
Apiorno_,--“In the fourth hour of the night, the eighth day
before the Ides of May, the twentieth day of the Moon, in the
sign of Capricorn.” De Rossi regards this as an astrological
horoscope--a relic of heathen superstition.
[686] The greatest age we have observed in Christian epitaphs is
ninety-one years. See Fig. 19. The youngest is three
months--_Mens. III_. We have noticed in Muratori (p. 382, No. 5)
the following remarkable instance of longevity: _M. Flavius
Secundus filius fecit Flavio Secundo patri q. vixit ann. CXII, et
Flaviæ Urbanæ matri piæ vixit ann. CV_.--“M. Flavius Secundus,
the son, made this to Flavius Secundus, his father, who lived one
hundred and twelve years, and to his pious mother, (who) lived
one hundred and five years.” Kenrick quotes an epitaph of a child
of three and his mother (_mammula_) of eighty; and another of a
man of one hundred and two years, ninety of which were passed
without disease. The average duration of life, according to
Ulpian, was thirty years.
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