The censorship of the Church of Rome and its influence upon the production and distribution of literature, volume 1 (of 2)Putnam, George Haven
History
The censorship of the Church of Rome and its influence upon the production and distribution of literature, volume 1 (of 2)
Putnam, George Haven
Freedom of the press; Liberty of conscience; Prohibited books
The Pope ordered the Spanish Inquisition, under penalty of the
_excommunicatio latae_, to release Carranza without further delay. The
inquisitors were also directed to deliver the records to the Nuncio,
within three months’ time, or to send them in sealed packages to Rome
within three months. The penalty for disobedience was excommunication.
Carranza reached Rome in 1567. He was then again given the privilege of
confession but not of communion. The trial records were never delivered
complete. Those that reached Rome in November, 1568, and February,
1570, filled twenty-four folio volumes of 1000 to 1200 pages each. The
investigation of the business was assigned by the Pope to a commission
of seventeen. The translation from Spanish into Latin and reading
of the records consumed four years. Pius died in 1572, before the
commission had completed its work.
The Letters of Pius V, edited by F. Goubau, were printed in Antwerp
in 1640, under the title _Apostolicarum Pii Quinti Pont. Max.
Epistolarum Libri Quinque_. They are referred to by Mendham as
important in the evidence presented of the strenuous and unremitting
efforts of Pius to incite Charles IX and his mother to the extirpation
of heresy, efforts of which the Massacre of St. Bartholomew may be
considered as the chief result.
In April, 1576, eighteen years after the original accusation and arrest
of Carranza, the final judgment in his case (based upon the report of
the commission) was announced by Gregory XIII. Carranza was pronounced
to have laid himself open to the charge of heretical utterances
(_vehementer suspectus de haeresi_). He was ordered to disavow and
recant all heretical opinions, and particularly those expressed in
sixteen citations from his writings. He was then to be absolved from
further censure or condemnation. He was suspended for five years from
authority in his archbishopric, but was to be paid from its treasury
an annual stipend of one thousand ducats. He was to make his sojourn
in the Dominican monastery of Veyano. Carranza fulfilled the first
obligations of his sentence; but while preparing for his return
journey, he sickened and died, aged seventy-three years. He declared
with his last utterances that he had never held or taught heretical
doctrines. He accepted, however, without protest, the judgment of the
Pope; and forgave all his enemies. The statements which he was required
to recant specifically included:
“The Church of the present day does not possess the same measure of
authority that belonged to the early Church.”
“In the early Church, the Communion was administered in both forms.”
“The appointment of the bishop required an election by the clergy and
the approval of the people.”
“The election of the pope required the approval of the emperor.”
“Priests were permitted to marry.”
“Bishops excommunicated heretics but did not burn them,” etc.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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