The ceramic art of Great Britain from pre-historic times down to the present day, Volume 1 (of 2) : $b being a history of the ancient and modern pottery and porcelain works of the kingdom and of their productions of every classJewitt, Llewellynn Frederick William
History
The ceramic art of Great Britain from pre-historic times down to the present day, Volume 1 (of 2) : $b being a history of the ancient and modern pottery and porcelain works of the kingdom and of their productions of every class
Jewitt, Llewellynn Frederick William
Pottery, British -- History
They were of coarse buff-coloured ware. Other examples
found during the excavations which I carried on are shown grouped on
Fig. 183. Fig. 179, like the rest, restored from fragments, is a small
and delicately formed cup, three and a quarter inches in diameter, of
rough-cast ware[22]; of these, examples were found, some of red, and
others of a chocolate colour.
Some good fragments of Castor ware were discovered, from which the
group (Figs. 97 to 99) has been restored. Fig. 174 is a small cup of
buff-coloured ware. Some small fragments of a green glazed ware were
also found.
[Illustration: Figs. 184 and 185.--From Wilderspool.]
Among the most curious of the discoveries were fragments of vessels of
fine clay, of a buff colour, with the patterns _painted_ in red on
their surface. One of these bears the rude representation of a cock;
others have waved and scrolled patterns; and others again, lines, dots,
circles, &c. Many other varieties of wares were also found, as were
some few fragments of Samian.
An interesting discovery of the remains of what appears to have been a
potter’s workshop was made in Dorsetshire, in 1841, by Mr. Warne, of
which he gives some very interesting particulars.[23] The foundations
were rectangular and clearly defined--in length forty-four feet, in
breadth twenty-five feet--constructed of flints, which are plentiful in
the neighbourhood. “In clearing out there was found a great quantity
of fragments of the ordinary smooth black and firm-grained ware: the
bottoms of some vessels were perforated like colanders. In the course
of the excavations, remains of instruments used by the potter were also
found; the most interesting being a considerable portion of a wheel,
formed of that peculiar bituminous shale well known as ‘Kimmeridge
coal.’ It is part of a circle, originally a wheel or plate, fifteen
inches in diameter and one inch and a quarter thick. It has undergone
the process of a careful and well-finished turning in the lathe. It may
at once be seen that it formed part of a potter’s wheel, the rotatory
table on which the workmen moulded, or rather when brought to the
desired form, the ductile clay received the finishing touches. There
are to be seen two or three counter-sinkings, in which were fixed the
arms of the metal axis on which it revolved. Portions of other wheels
in limestone were found, and one of great thickness, in conglomerate,
the use of which would seem to have been for pulverising the crude
material. Numerous pieces were scattered about of small and very thin
stone, of a rude but markedly angular form, similar to such as are
still, or lately were, used in the manufacture of coarse earthenware.
Amidst the _débris_ was a knife fixed in a rude bone haft; with
the remains were a large brass coin of Marcus Aurelius, and three
denarii of Severus Alexander, Gordianus III., and Philippus.”
[Illustration: Fig. 186.--Mask, Wilderspool.]
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