[Footnote 25: A taper with a stand, called a _bugia_, is held at divine service for persons in ecclesiastical dignity, as a sign of distinction, and to throw additional light on the book from which they read. The taper held for the Pope at the _cappelle_ has no stand, and is enkindled from a light concealed within the desk, on which the assistant Bishop places the missal. This is a memorial of an ancient monastic custom mentioned by Martene Lib. 1, De rit. Eccl. p. 277, 232.] CHAP. II. ON THE CEREMONIES OF PALM-SUNDAY _CONTENTS._ Part 1. _Introductory_. Mysteries and devotion of holy-week--Palm-Sunday, entry of Christ into Jerusalem--of Julius II into Rome--Sixtus V and Captain Bresca--triumphant return of Pius VII to Rome, contrasted with ancient Roman triumphs. Part 2. _Descriptive_, Palm-sunday--lights used at mass etc.--vestments--_ubbidienza_, blessing of the palms, benedictions, holy water, incense--distribution of the palms--order in which the prelates and others receive them--solemn procession with palms, _sedia gestatoria_--ceremonies peculiar to this procession--its antiquity--High mass, its peculiar ceremonies on palm-sunday--Passio--Cardinal great Penitentiary at S. John Lateran's. "_Hosanna to the son of David: blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord, Hosanna in the highest_". Matt. XXI, 9. [Sidenote: P. I. Holy-week] The sufferings and death of Jesus Christ are the mysteries which the catholic church commemorates during holy week. "On these days" says S. John Chrysostom (in Ps. CXCIV) "was the tyranny of the devil overthrown, sin and its curse were taken away, heaven was opened and made accessible". It was then becoming that christians should consecrate these days of mercy, of grace and salvation to exercises of penance, devotion, and thanksgiving. The imposing liturgy of the Roman church is at this season more than usually solemn; and it is our task to describe, and endeavour to trace to their origin, its varied ceremonies. [Sidenote: Palm-Sunday, Christ's entry into Jerusalem.]