10. Q. In what three different states do we recognize matter in every bioplast, or living particle? A. Matter not yet alive, but about to become so, called pabulum, or nutriment. Living matter in the strictest sense, or bioplasm. Formed material, or matter which was alive, but is so no longer. 11. Q. What peculiarity has living matter as to motion? A. All bioplasm has spontaneous motion. Non-living matter has inertia. 12. Q. What are the three kinds of motion of bioplasm? A. Inherent motions of individual particles among themselves. Constant change of shape. Wandering movements. 13. Q. What is the peculiarity of living matter as to the power of nutrition and growth? A. The non-living increases in size by external additions; but bioplasm selects appropriate material from its food, or pabulum, changes the chemical relations of this material, and appropriates it to its own structure in such a way that it grows from within. 14. Q. What is the peculiarity of bioplasm as to reproduction A. Bioplasm can generate or reproduce its own kind of living matter. 15. Q. What power has a living thing to preserve its own identity? A. A living being preserves its identity amid all the material changes which take place. 16. Q. In the grouping together of living things according to their real relationships, what do types represent? A. General plans of structure. 17. Q. How are classes formed? A. By the special modification of a type. 18. Q. What are orders? A. They are groups of the same class related by a common structure. 19. Q. What is a family or genus? A. A still smaller group having generally the same essential structure. 20. Q. What is a species? A. It is the smallest group whose structure is constant. 21. Q. What are individuals? A. They are the units of organic life, forming a complete animated existence. 22. Q. What are peculiarities of races or breeds called? A. Varieties. 23. Q. How are vegetables and animals distinguished from each other? A. By the term kingdom, and the types in each kingdom are called sub-kingdoms. 24. Q. Under what five types or plans of structure can all the multitude of plants which clothe the earth or dwell in the sea be arranged? A. Protophytes, Thallogens, Acrogens, Endogens and Exogens. 25. Q. What are the elementary masses of bioplasm usually called? A. They are usually called cells, even if they are merely pieces of animated jelly, uninclosed by an outside shell or membrane. 26. Q. What is the principal difference between animals and plants? A. The latter can be nourished by simple mineral or chemical (that is unorganized) matter, while animal nutrition requires material which has been organized, or made part of a living being. 27. Q. What do most vegetable cells produce on the outside? A. A membrane or cell wall, within which the living matter is, as it were, imprisoned.