The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical DocumentsKirkland, Joseph
History
The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical Documents
Kirkland, Joseph
Chicago (Ill.) -- History; Fort Dearborn Massacre, Chicago, Ill., 1812
Mr. Rohl-Smith set himself to work with the utmost diligence. Fortune
favored him; for there happened to be just then some Indians of the
must untamed sort at Fort Sheridan (only a few miles away), in charge
of the garrison as prisoners of war, they having been captured in the
Pine Ridge disturbance whereof the affair of Wounded Knee creek was the
chief event. By General Miles's permission, Mr. Rohl-Smith was allowed
to select two of these red-men to stand as models for the principal
savage figures of the group. The two best adapted were "Kicking Bear"
and "Short Bull." Concerning them Mr. Rohl-Smith says:
Kicking Bear is the best specimen of physical manhood I have ever
critically examined. He is a wonderful man and seems to enjoy the
novelty of posing, besides evidently having a clear understanding of
the use to which his figure will be put. The assailant of Mrs. Helm,
the one with the uplifted tomahawk [Short Bull] fills the historical
idea that the assailant was a "young" Indian, naturally one who
would not be as fully developed as the vigorous, manly chief, Black
Partridge. The presence of these Indians has been of great value to
me in producing the figures. I have been enabled to bring out some of
their characteristics not otherwise possible.
The savages were accompanied by an interpreter, and the newspapers of
the day gave some amusing accounts of their demeanor in the studio;
their mixture of docility and self-assertion, etc. It chanced that
the real dispositions of the two principal models were the reverse
of their assumed characters; and Kicking Bear (who, when wearing his
native dress and war-paint, carried a string of _six scalps_ as part
of his outfit), was much amused at the fact that he was assigned the
more humane part. "Me, good Injun!" he cried; "him bad Injun!" And he
laughed loudly at the jest.
The four faces of the granite pedestal bear appropriate _bas-reliefs_
cast in bronze. The front (south-west) shows the fight itself; the
opposite side represents the train--troops, wagons, etc.--leaving the
fort; one end gives the scene when Black Partridge delivered up his
medal to Captain Heald, and the opposite end the death of the heroic
Wells.
The various scenes bear descriptive inscriptions; and on the North-West
face is the dedication, as follows:
Presented May, 1893, to the Chicago Historical Society, in Trust for
the City of Chicago and for Posterity.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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