The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical DocumentsKirkland, Joseph
History
The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical Documents
Kirkland, Joseph
Chicago (Ill.) -- History; Fort Dearborn Massacre, Chicago, Ill., 1812
The far-seeing plans which inspired our forefathers in making the
treaty of Greenville took shape in 1804, when General Henry Dearborn,
Secretary of War under President Jefferson, ordered the building of a
fort[O] and a company of soldiers arrived to build it, having marched
overland from Detroit under Lieutenant (afterward Colonel) James S.
Swearingen. Their Captain, John Whistler, had led an eventful life.
Hurlbut in his delightful "Chicago Antiquities" says he was "an officer
in the army of the Revolution," and adds: "We regret that we have so
few facts concerning his history; nor have we a portrait or signature
of the patriot." In fact he did serve during the Revolutionary war,
but it was on the British side in the army of General Burgoyne, being
taken prisoner with the rest, and paroled; joining the American army
later in life.[P] With Captain John Whistler came his son, Lieutenant
William Whistler, the latter accompanied by his young wife (of her and
her daughter we shall hear more hereafter), all of whom came around the
lakes on the schooner Tracy. The passengers left the Tracy on arriving
at St. Joseph's, Michigan, and came across the lake by a row-boat.
When the schooner arrived she anchored outside and her freight was
discharged by bateaux, as the river (which made a sharp turn southward
just below where Rush Street Bridge now stands and debouched over
a shallow bar at about the present foot of Madison Street) was not
navigable for lake vessels at that time, or for thirty-one years
afterward. Mrs. William Whistler said that some two thousand Indians
visited the locality, during the schooner's stay, to see the "big canoe
with wings."
[O] See Appendix B.
[P] See Appendix C.
[Illustration: MRS. WILLIAM WHISTLER.
From a photograph taken during her visit to Chicago in 1875.]
We further learn from Mrs. Whistler that there were then in the place
but four rude huts or trader's cabins, occupied by white men, Canadian
French with Indian wives. She adds:
"Captain Whistler, upon his arrival, at once set about erecting a
stockade and shelter for his protection, followed by getting out the
sticks for the heavier work. It is worth mentioning here that there was
not at that time, within hundreds of miles, a team of horses or oxen,
and as a consequence, the soldiers had to don the harness and, with the
aid of ropes, drag home the needed timbers."
This would indicate that the soldiers had made their long march from
Detroit (two hundred and eighty miles) without wagons or pack animals
to carry tents and rations; or, what is more probable, that the
transportation had been hired, and the outfit had returned to Detroit.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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