The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical DocumentsKirkland, Joseph
History
The Chicago Massacre of 1812: With Illustrations and Historical Documents
Kirkland, Joseph
Chicago (Ill.) -- History; Fort Dearborn Massacre, Chicago, Ill., 1812
In 1812 the peaceful quiet was rudely startled, then assaulted, then
destroyed. The first breach of the peace was the killing by Mr. Kinzie
(in self-defense) of one John Lalime, Indian interpreter at Fort
Dearborn.[W] This was early in 1812. It had, however, nothing to do
with the friendliness or enmity of the red-men.
[W] See Appendix F.
The second event was of a different kind. A man named Lee.[X] who
lived on the lake-shore, near the fort, had enclosed and was farming
a piece of land on the northwest side of the South Branch, within the
present "Lumber District," about half way between Halsted Street and
Ashland avenue. It was first known as "Lee's Place," afterwards as
"Hardscrabble." It was occupied by one Liberty White, with two other
men and a boy, the son of Mr. Lee.
[X] This name I find sometimes spelled "Lee," and sometimes "See."
[Illustration: CABIN IN THE WOODS.]
This spot was not far from the place where Père Marquette passed the
winter of 1674-75; perhaps the very same ground. (See Munsell's History
of Chicago for a copy of the good Father's journal, with parallel
translation.) Mrs. John Kinzie, first in a pamphlet dated in 1836, and
published in 1844, and later in Wau-Bun, gives an extremely picturesque
account of the alarm, evidently taken down from the lips of those who
had been present; namely her husband (then a boy), his mother, Mrs.
John Kinzie, and his half-sister, Mrs. Helm.
It was the evening of the 7th of April, 1812. The children of Mrs.
Kinzie were dancing before the fire to the music or their father's
violin. The tea-table was spread, and they were awaiting the return
of their mother, who was gone to visit a sick neighbor. [Mrs. John
Burns, living at about where is now the crossing of Kinzie and State
Streets, had just been delivered of a child.] Suddenly their sports
were interrupted; the door was thrown open and Mrs. Kinzie rushed in
pale with terror, and scarcely able to articulate.
"The Indians! The Indians!"
"The Indians! What? Where?"
"Up at Lee's place, killing and scalping!"
With difficulty Mrs. Kinzie composed herself sufficiently to give the
information that while she was up at Burns's a man and a boy were
seen running down with all speed to the opposite side of the river;
that they called across to give notice to Burns's family to save
themselves, for the Indians were at Lee's place, from which they had
just made their escape. Having given this terrifying news they made
all speed for the fort, which was on the same side of the river that
they were. All was now consternation and dismay. The family were
hurried into two old pirogues [dug-out tree-trunks] that were moored
near the house, and paddled with all possible haste across the river
to take refuge in the fort.
Mrs. Kinzie goes on to give the fullest account we have of this initial
murder, fitting prelude to the bloody drama to follow a few months
later. Here is a condensation of her narrative:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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