Among very many primitive peoples, the words for "babe, infant, child," signify really "small," "little one," like the Latin _parvus_, the Scotch _wean_ (for _wee ane_, "wee one"), etc. In Hawaiian, for example, the "child" is called _keiki_, "the little one," and in certain Indian languages of the Western Pacific slope, the Wiyot _kusha'ma_ "child," Yuke _únsil_ "infant," Wintun _cru-tut_ "infant," Niskwalli _chá chesh_ "child (boy)," all signify literally "small," "little one." Some languages, again, have diminutives of the word for "child," often formed by reduplication, like the _wee wean_ of Lowland Scotch, and the _pilpil_, "infant" of the Nahuatl of Mexico. In the Snanaimuq language, of Vancouver Island, the words _k·ä'ela_, "male infant," and _k·ä'k·ela_, "female infant," mean simply "the weak one." In the Modoc, of Oregon, a "baby" is literally, "what is carried on one's self." In the Tsimshian, of British Columbia, the word _wok·â'ûts_, "female infant," signifies really "without labrets," indicating that the creature is yet too young for the lip ornaments. In Latin, _liberi_, one of the words for "children," shows on its face that it meant only "children, as opposed to the slaves of the house, _servi_"; for _liberi_ really denotes "the free ones." In "the Galibi language of Brazil, _tigami_ signifies 'young brother, son, and little child,' indiscriminately." The following passage from Westermarck recalls the "my son," etc., of our higher conversational or even officious style (166.93):-- "Mr. George Bridgman states that, among the Mackay blacks of Queensland, the word for 'daughter' is used by a man for any young woman belonging to the class to which his daughter would belong if he had one. And, speaking of the Australians, Eyre says, 'In their intercourse with each other, natives of different tribes are exceedingly punctilious and polite; ... almost everything that is said is prefaced by the appellation of father, son, brother, mother, sister, or some other similar term, corresponding to that degree of relationship which would have been most in accordance with their relative ages and circumstances." Similar phenomena meet us in the language of the criminal classes, and the slang of the wilder youth of the country. Among the Andaman Islanders: "Parents, when addressing or referring to their children, and not using names, employ distinct terms, the father calling his son _dar ô-dire,_ i.e. 'he that has been begotten by me,' and his daughter, _dar ô-dire-pail-;_ while the mother makes use of the word _dab ê-tire,_ i.e. 'he whom I have borne,' for the former, and _dab ê-tire pail-_ for the latter; similarly, friends, in speaking of children to their parents, say respectively, _ngar ô-dire,_ or _ngab ê-tire_ (your son), _ngar ô-dire-pail-,_ or _ngab ê-tire-pail-_ (your daughter)" (498. 59).