Early in the reign of Tao Kang (1820–1851) the then governor of the
province of Tche Kiang, believing that the expensive wedding gifts were
the real cause of the child murder, decreed:
“It is ordered that ornaments of gold, pearls, precious stones, and
embroidered gowns are forbidden at all marriages. As for silver
ornaments, silks, and other materials, this is the rule that we hereby
establish:
“For rich families the sum set out for such purchases must not be over
one hundred taels. For people of medium fortune the expense must be
limited to from forty to fifty taels. Those of inferior blood must not
spend more than twenty or thirty taels and the poorest people must not
go beyond two or five.[92]
“As for gifts by the parents to the husband, the quantity is left to
their discretion; this being the means to avoid all dispute. After the
marriage, on certain occasions, it is permitted to make one or two
presents. The celebrations of three and seven days when the grandson
is born or when he attains his first year are hereby forbidden and
henceforth the people should not have any more difficulties about
bringing up daughters. If, in spite of this, the poor are unable to
bring up their female children, they must carry them to the orphanage
or give them to other families.”[93]
On the 19th of February, 1838, the Lieutenant General Ki of the
province of Koang Tong instituted an investigation to find out what
the actual conditions were in his provinces, and after receiving his
reports, issued a proclamation in which he said:
“I am convinced that in the province of Koang Tong the custom of
drowning and suffocating the girl babies is common and that the rich
as well as the poor are guilty. The poor pretend that, not having
sufficient means of existence, they are not able to bring up their
female children, while the rich declare that there is no object in
bringing up children that occupy a purely ornamental position in the
household.”
Ki then goes on to philosophize on the enormity of the crime and the
folly of these reasons. Never, perhaps, did any single individual in
China devote himself with more energy to trying to eradicate this evil
than did Ki, both by verbal castigation of those who were guilty of
the crime and by appealing to the sympathies of the inhabitants of his
province. He distributed copies of the works of Ouang Ouan. He sent
out advice and instructions to his subordinates that infanticide must
be prevented; he enlisted the nobles and educated people in this fight
and reiterated that those who were guilty of the crime would be seized,
judged, and punished with sixty blows and a year’s banishment as the
law directed. Throughout the province his efforts were regarded as
extremely interesting, his proclamations as delightful literature, and
there was no decrease in the number of murders.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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