There is much frankness in this explanation inasmuch as it was the
difficulty of marrying their daughters in a way they considered
properly that encouraged the practice. There is no doubt there had
been a persistent warfare in the formative periods of the tribes, and
when the warlike conditions made it impossible to marry the daughters
advantageously, the daughters become a burden with the result that the
practice of infanticide sprang up.
“The practice which prevailed in Europe,” says Colonel Walker, “and
chiefly amongst the principal families, of placing their daughters in
nunneries, might be traced to the same motives that led the Jharejas
to put theirs to death; and both have originated in the desire of
diminishing the cares and expense attending a numerous family.”[185]
That the practice, no matter how deeply rooted in the tribe, still
leaves the decision with the father, is shown from the following
explanation of putting the child to death:
“When the wives of the Jhareja are delivered of daughters, the women
who may be with the mother repair to the oldest man in the house; this
person desires them to go to him who is the father of the infant, and
do as he directs. On this the women go to the father, who desires
them to do as is customary, and so to inform the mother. The women
then repair to the mother, and tell her to act in conformity to their
usages. The mother next puts opium on the nipple of her breast, which
the child, inhaling with its milk, dies. The above is one custom, and
the following is another: when the child is born, they place the navel
string on its mouth, when it expires.”[186]
We are further informed that “if a father wishes to preserve a
daughter, he previously apprises his wife and family, and his commands
are obeyed; if a mother entertains the wish of preserving a daughter,
and her husband is averse to it, the infant must be put to death.”[187]
The heads of the tribes were consulted. Many of them declared that the
women and children were well treated and pointed out the fact that
the Hindu religion has always protected the female sex from violence
and that it was unlawful to put a woman to death for any offence
whatsoever. In support of this they quote the following Sloke verse,
which is extracted from the Dhurma Shastra:
“Shut Gao Vudhet Veepra;
Shut Veepra Vudhet Streeya;
Shut Streeya Vudhet Bala;
Shut Bala Vudhet Mroosha.”
“To kill 100 cows is equal to killing a Brahmin;
To kill 100 Brahmins is equal to killing a woman;
To kill 100 women is equal to killing a child;
To kill 100 children is equal to telling an untruth.”[188]
Walker also came across a tribe of Brahmins called Kurada. Their object
of worship was a goddess known as Makalukshmee to whom human sacrifice
was acceptable. Another name for their deity was Vishara Bhoot, a
spirit of poison, a very amiable ghost inasmuch as it led to the
poisoning of guests as sacrifices for this queen of another world.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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