Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this file which includes the original illustrations. See 50465-h.htm or 50465-h.zip: (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/50465/50465-h/50465-h.htm) or (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/50465/50465-h.zip) Transcriber's note: Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). Text enclosed by equal signs is in bold face (=bold=). Small capitals are presented as all capitals in this e-text. [Illustration: _Generalissimo Chiang K'ai-shek_] THE CHINA OF CHIANG K'AI-SHEK: A Political Study by PAUL M. A. LINEBARGER Duke University Greenwood Press, Publishers Westport, Connecticut The Library of Congress has catalogued this publication as follows: Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Linebarger, Paul Myron Anthony, 1913-1966. The China of Chiang K'ai-shek; a political study. Reprint of the 1943 ed. published by World Peace Foundation, Boston. Includes bibliographical references. 1. China--Politics and government--1912-1949. 2. Chiang, Kai-shek, 1886- . I. Title. DS774.L48 1973 320.9'51'042 73-725 ISBN 0-8371-6779-5 Copyright 1942 by World Peace Foundation Originally published in 1943 by World Peace Foundation, Boston Reprinted with the permission of World Peace Foundation First Greenwood Reprinting 1973 Library of Congress Catalogue Card Number 73-725 ISBN 0-8371-6779-5 Printed in the United States of America TO MY MOTHER _With Love_ ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Acknowledgments, for a work of this type, are always insufficient and often ungracious. Today, political and military conditions forbid mention of some of the persons to whom I am most indebted. Furthermore, it is unfeasible to thank those teachers and friends who have prepared me in years past for the present work. Nevertheless, courtesy and candor demand that I indicate the extent of my obligation, and tender these inadequate thanks. For interviews, hospitality and other kindnesses shown me in Western China I wish to thank Generalissimo and Mme. Chiang K'ai-shek; Their Excellencies, Sun K'ê, Yü Yu-jen, H. H. Kung, Wang Ch'ung-hui, Chang Chia-ngau, T. F. Tsiang, Yeh Ch'u-tsang, Kan Nai-kuang, Ch'ên Kuo-fu, Wang Shih-chieh, Ch'u Chia-hua, Hollington Tong, and Ma Chao-chun; Major Generals J. L. Huang and Ch'u Shih-ming; Bishop Paul Yu-pin; and Messrs. Foo Ping-shêng, Chên Ming-shu, Lo Chia-lun, Edward Bing-shuey Lee, Han Lih-wu, P. C. Kuo, Ch'ên Chih-mai, Kinn-wei Shaw, James Y. C. Yen, Wang Shen-tsu, Shuming T. Liu, Jen Shieh, Li Ch'in-shui, and Ma P'in-ho. Among the foreign community, I wish to thank the American Ambassador, Mr. Nelson Johnson, and Mr. E. F. Drumwright for their kind reception; and to thank Mr. Tillman Durdin, Mr. Theodore White, Mr. George Fitch, Dr. J. B. Tayler, Professor Frank Price, and Professor and Mrs. J. B. Slocum.