[6] J. G. Eichhorn, Einleitung in das Alte Testament, Preface to Second Edition. [7] The Elements of the Higher Criticism, pp. 12, 13. [8] Christ and Criticism, Preface. [9] J. P. Peters, The Old Testament and the New Scholarship, p. 87. [10] L. W. Munhall, Anti-Higher Criticism, p. 9. For a discriminating study of the theological and philosophical bias of the more representative Old Testament critics, see Bibliotheca Sacra, January, 1912, pp. 1ff. [11] The Bible and Modern Criticism, p. 19. [12] The Problem of the Old Testament, pp. 7, 8. [13] Some of these concessions are enumerated in J. E. McFadyen, Old Testament Criticism and the Christian Church, pp. 15ff. The Problem of the Old Testament, by James Orr, is often quoted as overthrowing entirely the positions of modern criticism regarding the authorship of the Pentateuch. If, however, one reads Orr's summary of the chief results of his own critical investigation (pp. 371ff.), the question may well be asked, Why should he be considered less of a higher critic than, for example, Wellhausen? [14] The Origin and Permanent Value of the Old Testament, p. 30. [15] Old Testament Criticism and the Christian Church, p. 143. [16] Even those who question the existence of four independent documents assume the activity of at least four different hands. [17] James Hastings, Dictionary of the Bible, Vol. IV, p. 151. [18] See above, pp. 30ff. [19] The Highest Critics vs. The Higher Critics, pp. 7, 8. {109} [20] Acts 3. 24. The passage in the mind of the apostle seems to be 2 Sam. 7. 11-16. [21] Heb. 4. 7. [22] Psa. 95. [23] The origin of the designations Moses = Pentateuch, Samuel = books of Samuel, David = book of Psalms, must be explained, and can be explained; but as the mention of Samuel and David shows, it cannot always rest upon the fact of authorship, whatever the popular idea may have been. [24] James Hastings, Dictionary of the Bible, Vol. IV, p. 151. [25] Introduction to the Old Testament, p. 76. [26] See above, p. 55. [27] Mark 13. 32. [28] M. S. Terry, Moses and the Prophets, p. 194. [29] C. A. Briggs, General Introduction to the Study of Holy Scripture, p. 26. [30] Quoted in J. E. McFadyen, Old Testament Criticism and the Christian Church, p. 253. [31] Moses has, indeed, been removed by some investigators to the realm of myth, but not upon the basis of conclusions reached by the legitimate modern criticism. [32] C. F. Kent, A History of the Hebrew People, Vol. I, pp. 44, 45. [33] Prophets, English translation, Vol. II, p. 1. [34] C. F. Kent, A History of the Hebrew People, Vol. I, p. 167. [35] Introduction to the Literature of the Old Testament, pp. viii, ix. [36] Revelation and the Bible, p. 61. [37] J. E. McFadyen, Old Testament Criticism and the Christian Church, p. 136. {110} CHAPTER IV THE OLD TESTAMENT AND ARCHEOLOGY