The Christiana Riot and the Treason Trials of 1851: An Historical SketchHensel, W. U. (William Uhler)
History
The Christiana Riot and the Treason Trials of 1851: An Historical Sketch
Hensel, W. U. (William Uhler)
Christiana (Pa.) -- History; Riots -- Pennsylvania -- Christiana
Numerous attempts have been made to publish reports of this incident
which would serve the purposes of permanent history; and, while they
have all been helpful, none has been complete. On his return to
Maryland after his failure to convict Hanway and the others of treason,
Attorney General Robert J. Brent, of Maryland, made an elaborate
official report to Governor E. Louis Lowe, who in turn submitted it,
with extended comments of his own, to the General Assembly of Maryland,
January 7, 1852. From the standpoint of the lawyer and the chief
executive of a slave state, both are able deliverances. Aroused by
their version of the affair, and especially by their comments on the
treason trial, and impatient over the delay in publishing the official
report of it, W. Arthur Jackson, junior counsel for the defendant,
printed a pamphlet review of it, which shows much ability, has great
value and has become very rare. The official phonographic report of
the trial, by James J. Robbins, of the Philadelphia bar (King & Baird,
1852), is of course a copious fountain of exact information--as well
as an interesting exhibit of the “reportorial” efficiency of that day.
From all of these I have felt at liberty to draw largely.
“A True Story of the Christiana Riot,” by David R. Forbes, 1898, tinged
with sectional prejudice, has much matter that was well worthy of
preservation, and the new facts it contains, if verified, I have freely
used. All of the general political histories of the period refer to
the Christiana tragedy as having significance in the intense agitation
of the issue raised by the Fugitive Slave Law of 1850. Fred. Douglass’
stories of his life and time; William Still’s “Underground Railroad,”
and Dr. R. C. Smedley’s “History of the Underground Railroad” have
also been subjects of my levy for aid. To them, however, have been
added the personal reminiscences of Dr. J. W. Houston, Thomas Whitson,
Esq., Ambrose Pownall, Charles Dingee, Gilbert Bushong, Peter Woods,
William P. Brinton, Cyrus Brinton and many other residents of the
neighborhood in which the riot occurred and from which the prisoners
in the trials for life were taken. Access has been had to the diaries
and family records of the Pownall, Hanway, Lewis and Gorsuch families;
and many other original sources of information, including the local and
metropolitan newspapers of that day, whose enterprise and impartiality
were somewhat variable. Some of them published full reports of the
trial.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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