[Endnote 131: (p. 164). _The Banner of the Crusade ... Gil Eannes._--[Barros omits these details, which are so interesting for the history of those expeditions. This Gil Eannes was the same who had first passed beyond Cape Bojador. (See ch. ix of this Chronicle.)]--S. On the _Banner of the Crusade_, see Introduction to vol. ii, pp. xviii-xix.] [Endnote 132: (p. 165). _Alvaro de Freitas._--[Barros says that Alvaro de Freitas was Commander of Algezur. (_Decade I_, Bk. I, ch. ii.)]--S. Cf. in this Chronicle, pp. 152, 157-8, 161, 165-6, 174, 194-5, 197.] [Endnote 133: (p. 167). _Fra Gil de Roma_ [lived in the time of Philippe le Bel, King of France. The treatise _De Regimine Principum_, which he wrote in 1285 for the education of that Prince, was a book of the highest reputation (in its time), especially at the close of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. By the notice which is given us in the _Chronicle of the Count D. Pedro_, and by the quotation of Azurara, we perceive the estimation in which this book was held amongst us at the beginning of the latter century (the fifteenth).]--S. In fact, King John I (of Portugal), in his discourse at Ceuta in 1415, recalled to his fidalgos and knights the maxims and precepts which they had read in the same book, _De Regimine Principum_, and which he always kept in his own room. And if we are to believe Barbosa (_Bibliotheca Lusitana_), the Infant D. Pedro had made a Portuguese translation of the same treatise; but this learned bibliographer calls Fr. _Gil de Roma_, Fr. _Gil Correa_. This note is not a fitting place to show whether the name of _Correa_, which Barbosa gives to that author, is or is not exact. We must confine ourselves here to saying that King D. Edward (Duarte), quoting this book several times in chs. xxxi, xxxii, xxxvi, lii, lvi of his _Leal Conselheiro_, calls the author, like Azurara, Fr. _Gil de Roma_. In the library at Cambrai there exists a manuscript, No. 856, of the _De Regimine Principum_, which was finished in 1424, and consequently at an epoch subsequent to the one of which King John I made use. This is probably one of those used by King Edward and by Azurara. The first printed edition was published in 1473 (see _Dictionnaire bibliographique, La Serna Santander, etc._) If, as we have just said, the manuscript used by King John I, by King Edward, and by Azurara, is one of the most ancient of which any notice survives, the Portuguese translation of the book of Fr. Gil de Roma by the Infant Don Pedro is also one of the most ancient versions--if we except the French translation attributed to Henry of Ghent. (On this consult the Abbé Lebœuf, _Dissertation sur l'histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Paris_, II, p. 41.) We think it well to give the reader this notice, in view of the importance of Azurara's citation in this place, which shows us the state of learning and literary culture among our people at the beginning