The Church of Sancta Sophia, Constantinople: A Study of Byzantine BuildingLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
Religion
The Church of Sancta Sophia, Constantinople: A Study of Byzantine Building
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
Ayasofya Müzesi
the Patriarch of Agia Sophia has in that city one hundred metropolitans
and archbishops, and each metropolitan has seven suffragans in the same
city.”
The idea of competition with Solomon’s Temple and the Tabernacle would
be sure to suggest itself, and, once received, it would be justified by
many assertions; indeed a tendency to imitate the biblical accounts may
be detected in the Anonymous author. For instance, we have Justinian’s
intention to cover the floor with silver, the description of the gold
vessels for the altar, and the “sea” for the priests. Justinian’s
oft-quoted speech on entering the completed church may be assigned
to this leading idea, which we find expressed as early as the sixth
century by Corippus, the poet-bishop, who says, “Praise of the temple
of Solomon is now silenced, and the Wonders of the World have to yield
the preeminence. Two shrines founded by the wisdom of God have rivalled
Heaven, one the sacred Temple, the other the splendid fane of S.
Sophia, the Vestibule of the Divine Presence.”[231] Glycas, who tells
many of the stories given by the Anonymous, continues the idea further.
Justinian, he says, set up a statue “representing Solomon as looking at
the Great Church and gnashing his teeth with envy.”[232]
In the Book of Proverbs we read, “Wisdom hath builded her house, she
hath hewn out her seven pillars.” This was also seized upon, and
Michael Psellus speaks of S. Sophia as “the very beautiful temple, the
incomparable home which the Divine Wisdom built in His own name and
which He raised on seven pillars.”[233] Modern writers, Tournefort,
Von Hammer, &c., have delighted to point out that the church has 107
columns; indeed, with a little humouring, 108 may be counted. The
symmetrical number of the workmen employed according to the Anonymous
may be matched in a legendary account of the building of S. Luke’s,
according to which there were twenty-four protomaistores, each of whom
had twenty-four workmen under him.
The story of Justinian mixing money with the earth is parallel to
the account, given by Vasari, of Brunelleschi’s scheme for building
the dome of S. Maria del Fiore in Florence. It is impossible that
the church should have been flooded with water, as described by the
Anonymous. There appears to be no basis for the supposition that the
great dome was gilt outside. In the texts of Codinus the dome is said
to be of ivy-wood (κισσηρίνος): this is evidently somebody’s misreading
for pumice-stone (κισήριον).
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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