The Church of Sancta Sophia, Constantinople: A Study of Byzantine BuildingLethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
Religion
The Church of Sancta Sophia, Constantinople: A Study of Byzantine Building
Lethaby, W. R. (William Richard)
Ayasofya Müzesi
_Western End._--“And looking towards the sunset, one might see the same
as towards the dawn, though a portion differs. For there in the centre
it is not drawn round in a circle, as on the eastern boundary, where
sit the learned priests on seats of resplendent silver, but at the west
end is a vast entrance (_puleon_); not only one door, but three.
_Narthex._--“And outside of the doors (_pulai_) there stretches a long
porch (_aulon_), receiving beneath wide portals (_thuretroi_) those
that enter; and it is as long as the wondrous church is broad. In the
Greek speech this part is called the narthex. Here through the night
swells the melodious sound, pleasing to the ears of Him who giveth life
to all; when the psalms of David are sung in antiphonal strains--that
sweet-voiced David, whom the divine voice of the Almighty praised, and
whose glorious posterity conceived the sinless Son of God, who was in
Virgin’s pangs brought forth, and subjected to a Mother’s care. Now
into this porch open seven wide holy gates (_puleones_), inviting the
people to enter. One of them is on the south of the narrow porch, and
another opens to Boreas, but the others are opened on creaking hinges
by the doorkeeper (_neokoros_) in the west wall. This wall is the end
of the church.
“Whither am I carried? What breeze has driven, like a ship at sea, my
errant speech? The very centre of the famous church is all forgotten;
return, my muse, to see the wonders scarcely to be believed when seen
or heard.
_The Four Piers._--“Alongside of the eastern and western curves
(_kukloi_)--the half-circles with their pairs of columns from
Thebes--stand four strong well-built piers (_toichoi_), naked to look
on in front, but on their sides and backs they have supporting arches,
and the four rest on strong foundations of hard stones. In the joints
the workman has mixed and poured the dust of fireburnt stone, binding
all together with the builder’s art.
“Above them spring measureless curved arches like the many-coloured
bow of Iris: one opens towards the home of Zephyr, another to Boreas,
another to Notus, and yet another to the fiery Eurus. And every arch
(_antux_) has its foot at either end fixed unshaken, and joined to the
neighbouring curves. But as each rises slowly in the air in bending
line, it separates from the other to which first it was joined.
_The Pendentives._--“Now the part between these same arches (_apsides_)
is filled with wondrous skill. For where, as needs must be, the arches
bend away from one another, and would have shown empty air, a curved
wall, like a triangle, grows over, touching the rim of the arches on
either side. And the four triangles, creeping over, spread out, until
they become united above the crown of each arch. The middle portion
of the arches, as much as forms the curved rim, the builder’s skill
has formed with thin bricks (_plinthoi_), and has thus made fast the
topmost curves of the house of stone.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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