It will be seen that as time went on the strictly local character
of the martyrs commemorated was invaded by a desire to record the
famous sufferers of other parts of the Christian world. Rome, with its
characteristic conservatism in matters liturgical, seems to have been
slower than other places to yield to this impulse. At Hippo we find
Augustine commemorating, beside local martyrs, the Roman Lawrence and
Agnes, the Spanish Vincent and Fructuosus, and the Milanese Protasius and
Gervasius whose bones (as was believed) had been recently discovered. He
also commemorated the Maccabees, St Stephen, and both the Nativity and
Decollation of the Baptist. On the other hand in the laudatory sermons
that have come down to us we find Chrysostom at Antioch commemorating
only the saints of Antioch, and Basil, at Caesarea in Cappadocia, only
those of his own country.
The Sacramentary, which is called after Pope Leo (A.D. 440-461), shows
signs of a somewhat later date; but it is unquestionably a Roman book;
and the Kalendar which we can construct from it represents the Kalendar
of Rome as it was not later than about the middle of the sixth century.
It gives us the following days; but it must be observed that the months
of January, February, March, and part of April are unfortunately
missing[34].
The first is April 14, Tiburtius (a Roman martyr). There follow
‘Paschal time’: April 23, George (Eastern)[?][35]; Dedication
of the Basilica of St Peter, the Apostle; the Ascension of the
Lord; the day before Pentecost; the Sunday of Pentecost; the
fast of the fourth month; June 24, natale of St John Baptist;
June 26, natale of SS. John and Paul (two Romans, brothers,
martyrs under Julian); June 29, natale of the Apostles Peter
and Paul (at Rome); July 10, natale of seven martyrs who are
named (all at Rome; and the cemeteries where their bodies
rest are named); Aug. 3[36], natale of St Stephen (bishop of
Rome and martyr, more commonly commemorated on Aug. 2); Aug.
6, natale of St Xystus and of Felicissimus and Agapitus (all
martyrs at Rome); Aug. 10, natale of St Lawrence (Rome); Aug.
13, natale of SS. Hippolytus and Pontianus (Romans); Aug.
30, natale of Adauctus and Felix (at Rome); Sept. 14, natale
of SS. Cornelius and Cyprian (the former bishop of Rome, the
latter bishop of Carthage, his contemporary); Sept. 16, natale
of St Euphemia (at Rome); Fast of the seventh month; Sept.
30, natale (_sic_) of the basilica of the Angel in Salaria
(on the Via Salaria: evidently for the foundation or the
dedication of a church at Rome, probably under the name of St
Michael); Depositio of St Silvester (bishop of Rome, no date:
in the Bucherian Martyrology it is at Dec. 31); Nov. 8 (or
9), natale of the four crowned saints (all at Rome); Nov. 22,
natale of St Caecilia (Roman martyr); Nov. 23, natale of SS.
Clement and Felicitas (both Roman martyrs); Nov. 24, natale
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