The Circus, and Other Essays and Fugitive PiecesKilmer, Joyce
History
The Circus, and Other Essays and Fugitive Pieces
Kilmer, Joyce
American essays; Literature -- History and criticism
Obviously, this form presents no real difficulty to the verse-maker with
a fair degree of talent. Its use by Shakespeare gives it a certain
authority, and some critics, notably Professor Israel Gollanez, of
London University, say that it is better suited the English language
than the more usual or Petrarchan form. Nevertheless, the weight of
opinion is against this form. Many critics deny that three quatrains
followed by a couplet constitute a true sonnet, and Professor Brander
Matthews always calls this form not a sonnet but a "fourteener." Modern
English poets who have written Shakespearean sonnets are few in number.
George Eliot wrote a sequence in this form, but did not thereby add to
her fame. In fact, the only notable use of the Shakespearean sonnet form
during the last half century is to be found in John Masefield's "Good
Friday and Other Poems," which contain a sequence of introspective and
philosophical Shakespearean sonnets, so lofty in thought and appropriate
in expression as actually to suggest the work of the poet who first
greatly made use of their instrument.
The form generally used by poets writing in English is what is called
the Petrarchan sonnet. In its simplest but not its easiest form, this
consists of a division of eight lines called the octave and a division
of six lines called the sestet, the rhyme scheme of the octave being _a,
b, b, a, a, b, b, a_, and that of the sestet being _c, d, c, d, c, d_.
Here we have, you see, only four rhymes in all the fourteen lines. An
excellent example of the Petrarchan sonnet of this exact type is Austin
Dobson's "Don Quixote."
DON QUIXOTE
BY AUSTIN DOBSON
Behind thy pasteboard, on thy battered back,
Thy lean cheek striped with plaster to and fro,
Thy long spear levelled at the unseen foe,
And doubtful Sancho trudging at thy back,
Thou wert a figure strange enough, good lack!
To make wiseacredom, both high and low,
Rub purblind eyes, and (having watched thee go)
Dispatch its Dogberrys upon thy track:
Alas! poor Knight! Alas! poor soul possest!
Yet would to-day, when Courtesy grows chill,
And life's fine loyalties are turned to jest,
Some fire of thine might burn within us still!
Ah, would but one might lay his lance in rest
And charge in earnest--were it but a mill!
This is a good sonnet to study for several reasons. In the first place
the accuracy of the form makes it an excellent model. And in the second
place it illustrates what I have to say as to the correspondence in the
thought of the sonnet and its form.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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