Periodical feasting may be regarded as another form of amusement by
which the Chinese seek to relieve the monotony of life. They have
never reserved one day in seven for absolute rest, though of late years
Chinese merchants connected with foreign trade have to some extent
fallen in with the observance of Sunday. Quite a number of days during
the year are set apart as public holidays, but no one is obliged to
keep them as such, unless he likes, with one important exception. The
festival of the New Year cannot be ignored by any one. For about ten
days before this date, and twenty days after it, the public offices
are closed and no business is transacted, the seal of each official is
handed over for safe keeping to the official's wife, a fact which
helps to dispose of the libel that women in China are the down-trodden
creatures they are often represented to be. All debts have to be paid
and accounts squared by midnight on the last day of the old year. A few
nights previously, offerings of an excessively sticky sweetmeat are
made to the Spirit of the Hearth, one of whose functions is that of
an accusing angel. The Spirit is then on the point of starting for his
annual visit to heaven, and lest any of the disclosures he might make
should entail unpleasant consequences, it is adjudged best that he shall
be rendered incapable of making any disclosures at all. The unwary god
finds his lips tightly glued together, and is unable to utter a single
word. Meanwhile, fire-crackers are being everywhere let off on a
colossal scale, the object being to frighten away the evil spirits which
have collected during the past twelve months, and to begin the year
afresh. The day itself is devoted to calling, in one's best clothes,
on relatives, friends and official superiors, for all of whom it is
customary to leave a present. The relatives and friends receive "wet"
gifts, such as fruit or cakes; officials also receive wet gifts, but
underneath the top layer will be found something "dry," in the shape of
silver or bank-notes. Everybody salutes everybody with the conventional
saying, "New joy, new joy; get rich, get rich!" Yet here again, as in
all things Chinese, we find a striking exception to this good-natured
rule. No one says "Get rich, get rich!" to the undertaker.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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