The Coal Measures Amphibia of North AmericaMoodie, Roy Lee
Science
The Coal Measures Amphibia of North America
Moodie, Roy Lee
Amphibians, Fossil -- North America; Paleontology -- Carboniferous; Paleontology -- North America
The species is represented by an almost complete skull, which had been
identified previously by Cope as _Tuditanus radiatus_. The specimen
consists of the impressions of the bones of the cranial roof, the bones
themselves having disappeared. It is not probable that the dorsum of the
skull was smooth. The details in the structure of the skull have been
ascertained quite definitely. There can be no doubt that the arrangement
of the elements is accurate, as shown in figure 24 A. The supratemporal,
as in _Erpetosaurus tabulatus_ Cope, is excluded from the parietal.
The form of the skull at once recalls that of the species _D.
punctolineatus_, as figured by Jaekel (see plate 15). The orbits are
located in nearly the same region of the skull and the sutures separating
the cranial elements are quite similar in the anterior portions. The
species _D. lævis_ is based on the divergent character of the horn-like
protuberances which project from the squamosals. The horns of _D.
punctolineatus_ are convergent. The present skull is also smaller and the
parietals in _D. lævis_ are much larger than in the type species. In the
type species, also, the pineal foramen is located well forward in the
parietal, while in the present form the foramen is located well posterior.
The skull is almost rectangular. The nostrils are elongate ovals. The
orbits are circular and the distance between them is equal to two-thirds
of the dimensions of the orbit. They are located well forward in the skull
and are bounded laterally by the maxillaries. The nostrils have much the
same character as in the type form, being broadly oval.
The premaxillæ are elongate transversely, being about twice as long as
wide. They are identical in shape and relations with the same elements
in _D. punctolineatus_ Cope. The nasal is nearly square and forms
the interior boundary of the nostril. The frontal is elongate in the
median length of the skull and it is acuminate posteriorly, where the
acumination is inclosed by the parietal and postfrontal. The parietals are
by far the largest elements in the cranium. They form together an oval
which is elongate in the longitudinal diameter of the skull. They inclose
between them, in the median suture, the small pineal foramen. They are
acuminate in front, with a broad truncate posterior base, where they are
bounded by the postparietals. The postparietal is nearly square, being
somewhat wider than long. It joins the tabulare and the parietal. The
tabulare is elongate in the long diameter of the skull. It ends anteriorly
in a point which is inserted between the postorbital and the parietal, and
bears a short protuberance posteriorly, much as does the same element in
the type species.
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