The species of the genus _Sauropleura_ have a lanceolate head with homodont dentition or nearly so. The orbits are located well back in the skull. The form of the body is elongate and slender and the limbs where known are long and attenuated. The ventral scutellation consists of oat-shaped scutes arranged in a chevron series. The form here described as _Saurerpeton latithorax_ Cope has nearly the opposite of all of these characters, and it is incongruous to locate the form under the former genus. The skull of _Saurerpeton latithorax_ Cope is broad and heavy. The teeth are heterodont. The body is broad and stout and the limbs are of unusually strong proportions. The character of the ventral armature is also of a very different type. In _Saurerpeton_ it consists of very broad imbricating scutes which form a single piece across the abdomen and are angulated to form the chevron pattern which is so common among the Stegocephalia. =Saurerpeton latithorax Cope.= Cope, Proc. Am. Phil. Soc., XXXVI, p. 86, pl. iii, fig. 4, 1897. Moodie, Jour. Geol., XVII, No. 1, p. 80, fig. 23, 1909. Type: Specimen No. 4471, U. S. National Museum. Horizon and locality: Linton, Ohio, Coal Measures. Collected by R. D. Lacoe. This species is indicated by remains of the anterior half of a large amphibian (plate 17) preserved on a block of bituminous coal from the Linton mine. The form is unusual in the proportions of the head and the width of the thoracic region. In these characters it stands alone among the Amphibia from this locality, where the forms are for the most part of rather slender build and tapering, pointed head. The skull is represented in a fairly complete condition and shows the usual stegocephalian arrangement of the skull elements, as well as the sculpturing of the bones, which is similar to that found in other members of the Microsauria. The skull is broadly rounded, with the posterior border incised, the broad tympanic notches thus rendering the shape of the skull somewhat like that of the branchiosaurs. The orbits are broad ovals and lie well forward in the skull. They are separated by a space which is greater than the greatest diameter of the orbit. The pineal foramen lies well back and is clearly indicated as a circular opening which lies in the median suture in the posterior half of the parietals. The nostrils seem to be elongate and have an oblique position, as is represented in the diagram (fig. 35), but this character is not ascertained definitely.