After the fifth year of Aurangzeb, owing to a rise in the price of copper, the weight of the dām or fulūs was diminished to 220 grains, and this became the accepted standard for southern mints. A few coins of the heavier weight were struck subsequently by Aurangzeb, Shāh ’Ālam Bahādur and Farruḵẖ̱siyar. The copper coinage of later emperors until Shāh ’Ālam II’s reign is not plentiful. The early gold and silver coins of Akbar bear the same inscriptions, though there is some variation in their arrangement. Following Bābur’s and the Sūrī coinage, the Kalima and Companions’ names appear on the obverse, and on the reverse at the beginning of the reign the following inscription, “_Jalālu-d-dīn Muḥammad Akbar, Emperor, champion of the Faith, the mighty Sultan, the illustrious Emperor, may God most High perpetuate the kingdom and the sovereignty_.” Portions of this are dropped later on (Pl. X, 7). Squares, circles, lozenges and other geometrical figures are employed to contain the more important parts of the legend, and the mint name always, and the date generally, appear on the reverse. About the year A.H. 985 the shape of the coins was changed from round to square, but the same inscriptions were retained. In the year 1579 (A.H. 987) Akbar promulgated his Infallibility Decree, and in the same year appear quarter rupees from the Fatḥpūr, Lāhor, and Aḥmadābād mints, with a new inscription, _Allāhu Akbar_, upon the obverse. From the thirty-second year an expanded form of this, _Allāhu Akbar jalla jalālahu_, “God is great, eminent is His glory,” appears on a mintless series of square silver coins (Pl. X, 11); and from the thirty-sixth year it is used regularly on the square issues of the chief mints; later on there is a reversion to the round form. These Ilāhī coins are all dated in Akbar’s new regnal era,[63] and also bear the names of the Persian solar months. The custom of issuing coins monthly continues with a few breaks in Jahāngīr’s reign until the early years of Shāh Jahān. The round Ilāhī coins, especially those of Āgra, Patna and Lāhor, display considerable artistic merit: certain issues of Āgra of the fiftieth year (Pl. X, 8) are probably the finest of the whole Mug̱ẖal series. Among the many remarkable coins struck by Akbar may be mentioned the muhar, shaped like a double _Mihrāb_, which appeared from the Āgra mint in A.H. 981 (Pl. X, 6); the Ilāhī muhar of the fiftieth year, from the same mint, engraved with the figure of a duck (Pl. X, 9); the beautiful “hawk” muhar, struck at Asīrgarh in commemoration of its conquest in the forty-fifth year; and the mintless half-muhar, bearing the figures of Sītā and Rāma. Specimens of all these are in the British Museum. Akbar also initiated the practice of inscribing verse-couplets on the coinage, into which was worked the emperor’s name or the mint, or both. These were used by him for only three mints, but with Jahāngīr the practice became general, and