The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 11 (of 12)Hazlitt, William
Philosophy
The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 11 (of 12)
Hazlitt, William
English essays -- 19th century
acquainted with all those very particular things which had fallen under
my notice. Thirdly, granting this feasible, which I think it is not, yet
a distinct name of every particular thing would not be of any great use
for the improvement of knowledge; which though founded in particular
things, enlarges itself by general views, to which things reduced into
sorts under general names are properly subservient. These with the names
belonging to them come within some compass, and do not multiply every
moment beyond what either the mind can contain, or use requires, and
therefore in these men have for the most part stopped. But yet not so,
as to hinder themselves from distinguishing particular things by
appropriated names, where convenience demands it. And therefore in their
own species, which they have to do with, and wherein they have often
occasion to mention particular persons, they make use of proper names;
and these distinct individuals have distinct denominations. Besides
persons, countries, cities, rivers, mountains, and other like
distinctions of place have usually found particular names, and that for
the same reason; and I doubt not but if we had reason to mention
particular horses, as often as we have to mention particular men, we
should have proper names for the one as familiarly as for the other, and
Bucephalus would be a word as much in use as Alexander. And therefore we
see amongst jockies, horses have their proper names to be known and
distinguished by, as commonly as their servants, because amongst them
there is often occasion to mention this or that particular horse, when
he is out of sight. The next thing to be considered is how general words
came to be made. For since all things that exist are only particulars,
how come we by general terms, or where find we those general natures
they are supposed to stand for? Words become general by being made the
signs of general ideas, and ideas become general by separating from them
the circumstances of time and place, and any other ideas that may
determine them to this or that particular existence. By this way of
abstraction they are made capable of representing more individuals than
one, each of which having in it a conformity to that abstract idea is
(as we call it) of that sort.
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