The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 11 (of 12)Hazlitt, William
Philosophy
The collected works of William Hazlitt, Vol. 11 (of 12)
Hazlitt, William
English essays -- 19th century
‘MY REASONS.—For the first five points, wherein it is explicated—1. what
spontaneity is; 2. what deliberation is; 3. what will, propension and
appetite are; 4. what a free agent is; 5. what liberty is; there can no
other proof be offered but every man’s own experience, by reflection on
himself, and remembering what he himself meaneth when he saith an action
is spontaneous: a man deliberates: such is his will: that agent or that
action is free. Now he that reflecteth so on himself, cannot but be
satisfied, that deliberation is the consideration of the good or evil
sequels of an action to come; that by spontaneity is meant inconsiderate
action (or else nothing is meant by it); that will is the last act of
our deliberation; that a free agent is he that can do if he will, and
forbear if he will; and that liberty is the absence of external
impediments. But, to those that out of custom speak not what they
conceive, but what they hear, and are not able, or will not take the
pains to consider what they think when they hear such words, no argument
can be sufficient; because experience and matter of fact is not verified
by other men’s arguments, but by every man’s own sense and memory. For
example, how can it be proved that to love a thing and to think it good
is all one, to a man that hath not marked his own meaning by those
words? or how can it be proved that eternity is not _nunc stans_ to a
man that says those words by custom, and never considers how he can
conceive the thing in his mind? Also the sixth point, that a man cannot
imagine any thing to begin without a cause, can no other way be made
known, but by trying how he can imagine it; but if he try, he shall find
as much reason (if there be no cause of the thing) to conceive it should
begin at one time as another, that he hath equal reason to think it
should begin at all times, which is impossible, and therefore he must
think there was some special cause why it began then, rather than sooner
or later, or else that it began never, but was eternal.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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