The earthenware vessels with stanniferous enamel, called in Italy _sgraffiato_ ware, have been attributed to CITTÀ DI CASTELLO. They are engraved in outline and decorated _en engobe_--that is, the object before being glazed is covered with a second coating of coloured slip or _engobe_, on which is graved the ornament or design after it has been merely dried by the air, leaving a sort of _champ levé_, and afterwards baked in the kiln. These fayence vases are generally enamelled in yellow, green, and brown. Fig. 40, a bowl, is decorated with foliage, on the stem are three lions seated, in full relief; round the bowl runs a wreath of yellow flowers; and within is a man wrestling with a dragon, surrounded by a wreath. There was a manufactory of this _sgraffiato_ ware at LA FRATTA, near Perugia, which was continued down to a late period. Fig. 42, a basket-shaped pot, has ornaments in relief. Similar ware was also made at PAVIA in the 17th century. [Illustration: FIG. 40.--BOWL OF INCISED WARE. _About_ 1460.] [Illustration: FIG. 41.--PLATE. Diam., 11-1/2 in. _About_ 1540.] [Illustration: FIG. 42.--RED GLAZED EARTHENWARE BASKET. _19th Century._] [Illustration: HISPANO-MORESQUE FIG. 43.--VASE. Height 20-3/4 in. _15th Century._] SPAIN The exact date of the introduction of enamelled pottery with lustre-pigment into Spain is unknown, but the existence of manufactures of "golden" pottery at Calatayud, in Aragon, is testified to by the Mohammedan geographer Edrisi in the 12th century. [Illustration: FIG. 44.--AZULEJO.] The Hispano-Moresque period, which is best known to us from the numerous specimens preserved to our time, commences with the 14th century, when the Alhambra of Granada was erected by the Moors. The earlier pieces of the 14th and 15th centuries may be distinguished by a golden yellow metallic lustre, and blue enamel on a white ground. The designs are Moorish, consisting of diaper patterns, foliage, fantastic and other animals, shields of arms of Spanish princes, &c., and sometimes Arabic inscriptions, transformed into ornamental designs. Fig. 43, a vase, is decorated with leaves and conventional flowers, in reddish yellow lustre and blue. The _azulejos_ or enamelled tiles of the Alhambra, bearing passages from the Koran, shields and other devices, are well known; they date from the beginning of the 14th century (see Fig. 44). MALAGA. The principal as well as the earliest centre for the manufacture of fayence was in this city, and the finest known specimen of Moorish fayence is the celebrated vase of the Alhambra, which is supposed to be as early as the palace itself, viz. the 14th century, and was probably made here. The colours of the decoration are a pure blue enamel, surrounded or heightened with a yellow lustre on white ground. Figs. 45 and 46 are other specimens of the Spanish lustre ware, with shields of arms, of the 15th or 16th century.