ST. AMAND-LES-EAUX, near Valenciennes. Founded about 1750 by M. Fauquet, and continued by his son. The latter occupied himself especially with the gilding of his ware, which gave his neighbours the opportunity of saying he melted all his louis-d'ors in making his experiments and ruined himself. In the revolution of 1789 he emigrated, and all his goods were confiscated. In 1807 he attempted to revive the _fabrique_, and advertised that the St. Amand works were in full activity, making white fayence in the style of Rouen. [Illustration: FIG. 82.--INKSTAND.] Fig. 82, an inkstand, with ink and pounce pots and drawer, painted on a grey ground with blue and white flowers under the glaze; about 1760-80. SCEAUX PENTHIÈVRE. In 1753, Jacques de Chapelle established a manufactory of a particular sort of fayence, of which he alone possessed the secret. The ware is in the style of Strassburg, its prevailing colours being pink and green; it is painted with flowers, but more carefully finished, and with landscapes and other forms of decoration. [Illustration: FIG. 83.--PLATE.] BOURG-LA-REINE. Established in 1773 by Messrs. Jacques and Jullien, who removed hither from Mennecy. The early ware is very similar to that of Sceaux. Besides the white fayence for domestic use, more artistic pieces were produced, painted on the enamel after it had received a slight baking; this ware is principally in imitation of the Italian. CREIL. A manufactory of fine fayence, worked in the 18th century by M. S{t} Criq, made opaque porcelain and stoneware in the English style, and transferred prints on to the ware. [Illustration: FIG. 84.--PLATE. _With a yellow border and transfer-printed landscape._] MONTEREAU. In 1775, Messrs. Clark, Shaw, & Co., obtained letters patent to carry on a manufactory of English fayence, called Queen's ware, from clay found in the vicinity. This ware had a very extensive sale, and dealt a severe blow to the manufacture of French fayence. It soon spread over France, and was extensively made at Toulouse, Creil, Sarreguemines, and other places. LILLE. A manufactory of fayence, was founded in 1696, by Jacques Feburier, of Tournai, and Jean Bossu, of Ghent, who made a ware _à la façon de Hollande_. [Illustration: FIG. 85.--DISH.] Another important manufactory of fayence was established in 1711, by Barthélemy Dorez and Pierre Palissier; it continued in active work for nearly a century. A third fayence manufactory was founded in 1740 by J. Masquelier, and was continued in the same family until 1827. A fourth was established in 1744, by M. Chanou, who made a brown earthenware called _terre du St. Esprit_, in the English fashion. There were also two other factories here in the 18th century. GERMANY