NEUDECK, on the Au, and NYMPHENBURG. This factory was established in 1747, by a potter named Niedermayer. Graf von Hainshausen became its patron in 1754, and in 1756 he sent for Ringler, who organised the establishment, and it was then placed under the protection of the Elector Maximilian Joseph. On the death of his successor, Carl Theodore, in 1799, the Frankenthal manufactory was abandoned, and transferred to Nymphenburg, which is still a royal establishment, and well supported. The pieces are manufactured in white at Nymphenburg, but chiefly decorated at Munich and elsewhere; that is the reason why on the same piece the Nymphenburg mark is frequently found impressed, with the mark of some other factory painted in colour. [Illustration: FIG. 141.--TANKARD.] Fig. 141, moulded in relief and painted with flowers; marks, the coat of Bavaria, 1765 in gold, two leaves and I. A. H. in green; height 7-1/4 in. Fig. 142, painted in colours; marks, the coat of arms of Bavaria, and A incised; diameter 3-1/4 in. and 5-1/4 in. [Illustration: FIG. 142.--CUP AND SAUCER.] [Illustration: FIG. 143.--CUP AND SAUCER.] ANSPACH, a town which belonged to the Margraves of Anspach and is now in Bavaria. There was a factory here about 1760. Fig. 143 is painted with figures in colour; signed "Schelk, pinx."; mark A in blue; diameter 3 ins. and 5-1/4 in. BAYREUTH was under the same rulers as Anspach, and is now also in Bavaria. There was a manufactory here in the 18th century, but little appears to be known respecting it. [Illustration: FIG. 144.--CUP.] Fig. 144 is painted in colours, and gilt inside; mark, "Metzsch 1748 Bayr"; diameter 2-3/4 in. KELSTERBACH, in Hesse. A manufactory for pottery was founded here about 1758, where later porcelain was also made. The works only lasted about sixteen years. [Illustration: FIG. 145.--HARLEQUIN.] Fig. 145 is painted in colours; mark, H. D. under a crown, in blue; height 6-3/4 in. THURINGIA. In the middle of the 18th century a number of small porcelain factories sprang up in this district. It is said that they owe their origin to a chemist named Macheleid, who discovered by accident a deposit of kaolin, and obtained permission from the Prince of Schwarzburg to establish a factory at SITZENRODA, which in 1762 was removed to Volkstedt. [Illustration: FIG. 146.--CUP AND SAUCER. Diam. 2-3/4 in. and 5-3/4 in.] CLOSTER, or KLOSTER, VEILSDORF, or VOLKSTEDT. The porcelain manufactory of Sitzenroda was transferred to Volkstedt, in Thuringia, in 1762, where it was farmed by a merchant named Nonne, of Erfurt, who greatly enlarged and improved the works. About the year 1770 it was carried on by Greiner. In 1795 more than 120 workmen were employed. [Illustration: FIG. 147.--TEAPOT.] [Illustration: FIG. 148.--TRAY.] Fig. 148 is moulded in rococo style, and painted with flowers; mark, shield of Saxe-Meiningen between C. V.; length 12-1/2 in.