General Accounts.--Colonization: Lucas, as above (colonial policies of the European states); J. Seeley, _Expansion of England_, chs. iii., iv.; A. Smith, _Wealth of Nations_, chapter "Of Colonies"; H. Morris, _History of Colonization_; A. Snow, _Administration of Dependencies_, chs. i.-v.--English movement: G. Beer, _Origin of British Colonial System_; H. Merivale, _Colonization and the Colonies_; H. Egerton, _Short History of British Colonial Policy_, and _Origin and Growth of English Colonies_; W. Woodward, _Expansion of British Empire_; C. Dilke, _Greater Britain_, and _Problems of Greater Britain_; E. Creasy, _Imperial and Colonial Constitutions_; Mill, _Colonial Constitutions_; J. Toner, _Colonies of North America_; J. Marsden, _Early Puritans_.--Free institutions imported by American colonists, and colonial government generally: Greene, _Provincial Governor_; E. Eggleston, _Transit of Civilization_, and _Beginners of a Nation_; A. Low, _American People_; Wilson, _The State_, §§ 832-864; E. Freeman, _English People in its Three Homes_, lecture vi.; H. Taylor, _English Constitution_, 15-48; Channing, _Town and County Government_; C. Bishop, _History of Elections in the Colonies_. Contemporary Accounts.--Published records (chiefly by historical societies) of the several American colonies. See also Hakluyt, _Voyages_; Holinshed, _Chronicles_.--Reprints: E. Arber, _Pilgrim Colonists_; A. Brown, _Genesis of United States_; W. Macdonald, _Documentary Source Book of American History_; _American History told by Contemporaries_, I. part iii. 18. Colonial Policy of European States. The time had now come for making the first permanent English settlement in America. Before we proceed to the story of that famous enterprise, however, it will be well hastily to summarize the colonial policies of those European States which have at various times established plantations in the New World. It will be well also to know what sort of people were the seed of English colonization, and what institutions they brought with them as the foundations of American commonwealths. Sidenote: Motives of colonization. Four motives, working either singly or conjointly, lead to colonization,--the spirit of adventurous enterprise, the desire for wealth, economic or political discontent, and religious sentiment. For instance, Columbus was quite as much a religious enthusiast desirous of spreading the gospel in new lands as he was an adventurer; the southern group of English colonies in America was in the main the outgrowth of a trading spirit working in conjunction with economic distress in England; and the Puritan migration to New England was impelled by economic and political causes, as well as by religious. Sidenote: Colonization is the expansion of the parent State, though early viewed as a source of revenue to it.