The author of this report says: “The numerous eroded mountain ridges and lateral terminal moraines of that tropical region give unquestionable evidences of the former existence of a glacial epoch, which covered an area of several thousand square miles in Nicaragua with glacial ice. The ice-sheet covered a large part of the existing narrow divide of land (containing about 48,000 square miles) between the Pacific and Caribbean Sea.” And it is likely that other large areas of tropical America were glaciated at the same time, especially in regions of great precipitation. The island of Cuba, during a portion of the ice age, probably supported heavy glaciers, and obtained an average temperature as low as South-western New Zealand at this age. According to the description given by J. W. Spencer, of the Cuban land, great valleys have been excavated, the lower portion of which are now fiords, reaching in one case at least to seven thousand feet in depth before gaining the sea beyond. Thus, while keeping in view the glacial condition of Central America during the frigid period, it seems that the great Cuban excavations were partly the work of glaciers of the same cold epoch.* Judging from such reliable statements, it is probable that the climate of tropical America during the frigid age was somewhat colder than obtained in the tropical regions of the eastern continent, owing to the wide connection of the Atlantic with the Arctic Ocean as well as with the antarctic seas, and because of its shores possessing a larger area of glaciated lands in proportion to its size than the Pacific and Indian Oceans, and also owing to the tropical Atlantic containing so small a portion of the world’s waters which lie within the torrid zone, and its equatorial current being separated by continental lands from the great equatorial stream of the Pacific and Indian Oceans. *The meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science, September, 1895, was reported in _Science_ of October 18, where mention is made of an interesting paper by Mr. R. B. White, on “The Glacial Age of Tropical America,” in which he described a number of apparently glacial deposits in the Republic of Colombia, almost under the equator. He spoke of moraines forming veritable mountains, immense thicknesses of bowlder clay, breccias, cement beds, sand, gravels, and clays, beds of loess, valleys scooped, grooved, and terraced, monstrous erratics, and traces of great avalanches.