(22) The _Periplûs_ notices two cities that lay inland from +Mouza+—the 1st +Sauê+, the +Savê+ of Pliny (VI. xxvi., 104), and also of Ptolemy (VI. vii., p. 411), who places it at a distance of 500 stadia S. E. of Mouza. The position and distance direct us to the city of +Taaes+, which lies near a mountain called Saber. +Sauê+ belonged to a district called +Mapharitis+ or +Mophareitês+, a name which appears to survive in the modern +Mharras+, which designates a mountain lying N. E. from +Taaes+. It was ruled by +Kholaibos+ (Arabicé—Khaleb), whom our author calls a tyrant, and who was therefore probably a Sheikh who had revolted from his lawful chief, and established himself as an independent ruler. 23. A journey of nine days more conducts us to +Saphar+, the metropolis of +Kharibaêl+, the rightful sovereign of two contiguous tribes, the +Homerites+ and the +Sabaïtai+, and, by means of frequent embassies and presents, the friend of the Emperors. (23) The other city was +Saphar+, the metropolis of the +Homerîtai+, _i.e._ the +Himaryi+—the Arabs of Yemen, whose power was widely extended, not only in Yemen but in distant countries both to the East and West. Saphar is called +Sapphar+ by Ptolemy (VI. vii.), who places it in 14° N. lat. Philostorgios calls it +Tapharon+, and Stephen of Byzantium +Tarphara+. It is now +Dhafar+ or Dsoffar or Zaphar. In Edrisi (I. p. 148) it appears as +Dhofar+, and he thus writes of it:—“It is the capital of the district Jahsseb. It was formerly one of the greatest and most famous of cities. The kings of Yemen made it their residence, and there was to be seen the palace of Zeidan. These structures are now in ruins, and the population has been much decreased, nevertheless the inhabitants have preserved some remnants of their ancient riches.” The ruins of the city and palace still exist in the neighbourhood of +Jerim+, which Niebuhr places in 14° 30´ N. lat. The distance from +Sauê+ to +Saphar+ in the _Periplûs_ is a nine days’ journey. Niebuhr accomplished it however in six. Perhaps, as Müller suggests, the nine days’ journey is from +Mouza+ to +Saphar+. The sovereign of Saphar is called by our author +Kharibaêl+, a name which is not found among the Himyaritic kings known from other sources. In Ptolemy the region is called +Elisarôn+, from a king bearing that name. 24. The mart of +Mouza+ has no harbour, but its sea is smooth, and the anchorage good, owing to the sandy nature of the bottom. The commodities which it imports are— Πορφύρα, διάφορος καὶ χυδαία—Purple cloth, fine and ordinary. Ἱματισμίς Ἀραβικὸς χειριδωτὸς, ὅτε ἁπλοῦς καὶ ὁ κοινὸς καὶ σκοτουλάτος καὶ διάχρυσος—Garments made up in the Arabian fashion, some plain and common, and others wrought in needlework and inwoven with gold. Κρόκος—Saffron. Κύπερος—The aromatic rush Kyperos. (Turmeric?) Ὀθόνιον—Muslins. Ἀβόλλαι—Cloaks.