The Commerce and Navigation of the Erythræan Sea: Being a Translation of the Periplus Maris Erythræi, by an Anonymous Writer, and of Arrian's Account of the Voyage of Nearkhos, from the Mouth of the Indus to the Head of the Persian Gulf
History
The Commerce and Navigation of the Erythræan Sea: Being a Translation of the Periplus Maris Erythræi, by an Anonymous Writer, and of Arrian's Account of the Voyage of Nearkhos, from the Mouth of the Indus to the Head of the Persian Gulf
Classical geography; Geography, Ancient; India -- Description and travel -- Early works to 1800; Indian Ocean Region -- Commerce -- History
(33) Beyond +Moskha+ the coast is mountainous as far as
+Asikh+ and the islands of Zenobios—a distance excessively
estimated at 1,500 stadia. The mountains referred to are 5,000 feet
in height, and are those now called Subaha. +Asikh+ is readily
to be identified with the +Hâsek+ of Arabian geographers. Edrisi
(I. p. 54) says: “Thence (from Marbat) to the town of Hâsek is a four
days’ journey and a two days’ sail. Before +Hâsek+ are the two
islands of +Khartan+ and +Martan+. Above +Hâsek+ is
a high mountain named +Sous+, which commands the sea. It is an
inconsiderable town but populous.” This place is now in ruins, but has
left its name to the promontory on which it stood [Râs Hâsek, lat. 17°
23´ N. long. 55° 20´ E. opposite the island of Hasiki]. The islands
of +Zenobios+ are mentioned by Ptolemy as seven in number, and
are those called by Edrisi +Khartan+ and +Martan+, now known
as the +Kuriyân Muriyân+ islands. The inhabitants belonged to an
Arab tribe which was spread from Hâsek to Râs-el-Ḥad, and was called
+Beit+ or +Beni Jenabi+, whence the Greek name. M. Polo in
the 31st chapter of his travels “discourseth of the two islands called
Male and Female,” the position of which he vaguely indicates by saying
that “when you leave the kingdom of +Kesmacoran+ (Mekran) which
is on the mainland, you go by sea some 500 miles towards the south,
and then you find the 2 islands Male and Female lying about 30 miles
distant from one another.” (See also _Marco Polo_, vol. II. p. 396
note.)
Beyond +Asikh+ is a district inhabited by barbarians, and subject
not to Arabia but to Persis. Then succeeds at a distance of 200 stadia
beyond the islands of +Zenobios+ the island of +Sarapis+,
(the Ogyris of Pliny) now called Masira [lat. 20° 10´ to 20° 42´ N.,
long. 58° 37´ to 58° 59´ E.] opposite that part of the coast where
Oman now begins. The _Periplûs_ exaggerates both its breadth and its
distance from the continent. It was still inhabited by a tribe of
fish-eaters in the time of Ebn Batuta, by whom it was visited.
On proceeding from +Sarapis+ the adjacent coast bends round, and
the direction of the voyage changes to north. The great cape which
forms the south-eastern extremity of Arabia called +Ras-el-Had+
[lat. 22° 33´ N. long. 59° 48´ E.] is here indicated, but without
being named; Ptolemy calls it +Korodamon+ (VI. vii. 11.)
34. If sailing onward you wind round with the adjacent coast to the
north, then as you approach the entrance of the Persian Gulf you
fall in with a group of islands which lie in a range along the coast
for 2,000 stadia, and are called the islands of +Kalaiou+. The
inhabitants of the adjacent coast are cruel and treacherous, and see
imperfectly in the daytime.
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