THE COMMON NATURE OF EPIDEMICS AND THEIR RELATION TO CLIMATE AND CIVILIZATION. ALSO REMARKS ON CONTAGION AND QUARANTINE. FROM WRITINGS AND OFFICIAL REPORTS BY SOUTHWOOD SMITH, M.D., PHYSICIAN TO THE LONDON FEVER HOSPITAL, CONSULTING PHYSICIAN TO THE HOSPITAL FOR DISEASES OF THE SKIN, “THE FATHER OF SANITARY REFORM,” MEMBER OF THE GENERAL BOARD OF HEALTH, 1848–1854, AUTHOR OF “THE PHILOSOPHY OF HEALTH;” “THE DIVINE GOVERNMENT,” &C., &C. EDITED BY T. BAKER, ESQ., OF THE INNER TEMPLE, BARRISTER AT LAW, AUTHOR OF “THE LAWS RELATING TO PUBLIC HEALTH, SANITARY, MEDICAL, PROTECTIVE;” “THE LAWS RELATING TO BURIALS,” &C., &C. PHILADELPHIA: J. B. LIPPINCOTT & CO. 1866. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ INTRODUCTION. The recent very serious outbreak of Epidemic disease among the cattle in England may not unreasonably induce the fear that a human Epidemic is approaching. Cholera has prevailed in Paris and several other places on the Continent during the late autumn, and it is well known that the former visitations of that terrible disease in this country have appeared the year following similar attacks abroad. Moreover, human epidemics in numerous instances have been preceded or accompanied by extensive murrain among cattle.[1] Footnote 1: See pp. 7, 65, 110. Never was a country guided through the perils of an Epidemic with greater wisdom and energy than Great Britain during the Cholera of 1848–9. The master spirit on that occasion was Dr Southwood Smith. Long previous to that time this great man had had a more extended experience of the nature, causes, and treatment of Zymotic diseases than perhaps any physician before or since. He had made them his special study, and applied the great powers of his clear, reasoning, and philosophic mind, to the discovery of their causes, and the best means of arresting their progress. Whilst occupying the post of responsibility as the chief medical adviser of the nation in his capacity of Medical Member of the General Board of Health, Dr Southwood Smith left behind him a set of official reports on the subjects of Epidemics, Contagion, and Quarantine, which will never die.